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0
Q

What are the characteristics of a healthy person, according to Allport?

A
  • proactive behaviour (aimed at both reducing tensions & creating new ones)
  • motivated by conscious processes
  • More specifically:
    • extension of sense of self
    • warm relation to others
    • emotional security/self-acceptance
    • realistic perception of environment
    • insight & humor
    • unifying philosophy of life
1
Q

How did Allport define personality?

A

The dynamic organization within the individual of those psychophysical systems that determine their unique adjustments to their environment

  • both physical & psychological
  • both overt behaviours & covert thoughts
  • both being & doing, substance & change, product & process, structure & growth
2
Q

What are common traits, according to Allport?

A

General characteristics held in common by many people

3
Q

What are personal dispositions, according to Allport?

A

Relatively permanent neuropsychic structure peculiar to the individual which has capacity to render different stimuli functionally equivalent and to initiate & guide personalized forms of behaviour

4
Q

What are the levels of personal dispositions?

A
  • cardinal dispositions
  • central dispositions
  • secondary dispositions
5
Q

What are motivational and stylistic dispositions?

A
  • motivational: initiate action

- stylistic: guide action

6
Q

What is the proprium?

A

Those behaviours and characteristics people regard as warm, central, and important in their lives

7
Q

What is functional autonomy?

A

Some, but not all, human motives are functionally independent from the original motive responsible for the behaviour

8
Q

What are the requirements for an adequate theory of motivation, according to Allport?

A
  • acknowledges contemporaneity of motives
  • pluralistic (allowing for many types of motives)
  • ascribes dynamic force to cognitive processes
  • allows for concrete uniqueness of motives
9
Q

What is perseverative functional autonomy?

A

Functionally independent motives that are not part of the proprium

  • addictions
  • tendency to finish uncompleted tasks
  • other acquired motives
10
Q

What is propriate functional autonomy?

A

A master system of motivation that confers unity on personality by relating self-sustaining motives to the proprium

11
Q

What processes are not functionally autonomous?

A
  • biological drives
  • motives linked directly to reduction of basic drives
  • reflexive actions
  • constitution (physique, temperament, intelligence)
  • habits in process of being formed
  • patterns of behaviour requiring primary reinforcement
  • sublimations that cannot be tied to childhood sexual desires
  • some neurotic & pathological symptoms
12
Q

What are morphogenic procedures?

A

Those methods of study which examine the individual patterns of properties of a person