Chapter 13 Gender and Development Flashcards
How do we see men and women
Males: Instrumental traits
Females: Expressive traits
(Gender Stereotypes)
beliefs about how males and females differ in personality traits, interests, and behaviors
Gender Stereotypes and Age 2
basic gender-related preferences and roles are apparent
Gender Stereotypes and Age 4
Awareness of “gender-appropriate” toys and roles
Gender Stereotypes and Age 5
US children judge 1/3 of traits as stereotypically as adults do; by age 11 90%
Gender Stereotypes and Age 6
well formed ideas and prejudices about own and other sex
Gender Awareness: Sex differences
Biological differences between males and females
Gender Awareness: Gender differences
Culturally imposed differences in the roles and behaviors of males and females
Gender Awareness: role
set of expectations of how females or males should think, act or feel
Gender Awareness: Identity/labeling
a conviction that one belongs to the sex of birth
Gender Awareness: Stability
The knowledge you will remain your sex but this is NOT consistent
Gender Awareness: Consistency
understanding that maleness and femaleness do not change over situations
Gender Awareness: Constancy
When Identity/labeling & consistency are understood
Gender Difference: Psychoanalytic Theory (Freud)
- Phallic Stage = third stage of psychosexual development
- Oedipus (boys), Electra (girls) complexes of phallic stage
Gender Difference: Gender Scheme Theory
- Gender schemas organize the work into “male” and “female activities
- This is guided by an internal motivation to conform to sociocultural standards of gender
Gender Difference: behaviorist theory
-gender roles are learned through observation and punishment
