Chapter 13 - Key Vocabs

Question 1

Albumin

Answer 1

Protein in the blood; maintains the proper amount of water in the blood

Question 2

Antibody

Answer 2

A specific protein produced by the lymphocytes in response to bacteria, viruses, or other antigens

Question 3

Antigen

Answer 3

A substance (usually foreign) that stimulates production of an antibody

Question 4

Basophil

Answer 4

White blood cells that contains granules that stain blue; associated with release of histamine and heparin

Question 5

Bilirubin

Answer 5

Orange-yellow pigment in bile; formed by breakdown of hemoglobin when RBCs are destroyed

Question 6

Coagulation

Answer 6

Blood clotting

Question 7

Colony-stimulating factor (CSF)

Answer 7

Protein that stimulates the growth of white blood cells

Question 8

Differentiation

Answer 8

The change in structure and function of a cell as it matures; specialization

Question 9

Electrophoresis

Answer 9

A method of separating serum proteins by electrical charge

Question 10

Eosinophils

Answer 10

White blood cells that contains granules that stain red; associated with allergic reaction

Question 11

Erythroblast

Answer 11

An immature red blood cell

Question 12

Erythrocyte

Answer 12

Red Blood Cells

Question 13

Erythropoietin (EPO)

Answer 13

Hormone secreted by the kidneys that stimulates red blood cell formation

Question 14

Fibrin

Answer 14

Protein that forms the basis of a blood clot

Question 15

Fibrinogen

Answer 15

Plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process

Question 16

Globulin

Answer 16

Plasma protein; such as alpha, beta, and gamma (immune) globulins are example

Question 17

Granulocyte

Answer 17

1. White blood cell with numerous dark-staining granules

2. Eosinophil, neutrophil, and basophil

Question 18

Hematopoietic stem cell

Answer 18

A cell in bone marrow that gives rise to all types of blood cells

Question 19

Hemogloblin

Answer 19

Blood protein containing iron; carries oxygen in red blood cells

Question 20

Hemolysis

Answer 20

Destruction or breakdown of blood (red blood cells)

Question 21

Heparin

Answer 21

Anticoagulant found in blood and tissue cells

Question 22

Immune Reaction

Answer 22

Response of the immune system to foreign invasion

Question 23

Immunoglobulin

Answer 23

A protein with antibody activity. Examples: IgG, M, A, D,E

Question 24

Leukocyte

Answer 24

White blood cell

Question 25

Lymphocyte

Answer 25

Mononuclear leukocyte that produces antibodies

Question 26

Macrophages

Answer 26

1. Monocytes that migrates from the blood to tissue spaces 2. As a phagocyte, it engulfs foreign material and debris 3. They also destroy/remove worn out RBCs

Question 27

Megakaryocyte

Answer 27

Large platelet precursor cell found in the bone marrow

Question 28

Monocytes

Answer 28

1. Leukocyte with one large nucleus 2. Engulfs foreign material and debris 3. Become macrophages

Question 29

Mononuclear

Answer 29

1. Pertaining to a cell (leukocyte) with a single round nucleus 2. Lymphocytes and monocytes are mononuclear leukocytes

Question 30

Myeloblast

Answer 30

Immature bone marrow that gives rise to granulocytes

Question 31

Neutrophil

Answer 31

1. Granulocytic leukocyte formed in bone marrow. 2. Phagocytic tissue-fighting cell 3. Also called polymorphonuclear leukocyte

Question 32

Plasma

Answer 32

Liquid portion of blood; contains water, proteins, slats, nutrients, lipids, hormones, and vitamins

Question 33

Plasmapheresis

Answer 33

Removal of plasma from withdrawn blood by centrifuge

Question 34

Platelet

Answer 34

A small blood fragment important in clotting. Collects at the site of injury.

Question 35

Polymorphonuclear

Answer 35

Pertaining to a white blood cell with multi-shaped nucleus; neutrophils

Question 36

Prothrombin

Answer 36

Plasma protein; converted to thrombin in the clotting process

Question 37

Reticulocyte

Answer 37

Immature erthyrocyte

Question 38

Rh Factor

Answer 38

Antigen on red blood cells of Rh positive (Rh+) in individuals.

Question 39

Serum

Answer 39

Plasma minus clotting proteins and cells. Clear, yellowish fluid that separates from blood when it is allowed to clot.

Question 40

Stem cell

Answer 40

Unspecialized cell that give rise to mature, specialized forms

Question 41

Thrombin

Answer 41

Enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation

Question 42

Thrombocyte

Answer 42

Platelets

Question 43

Hemothorax

Answer 43

A collection of blood in the space between chest wall and the lung (pleural cavity). Basically a collection of blood in the pleural cavity.