Chapter 13 - social cognition (1) Flashcards
MCS 1 - 10 (34 cards)
define social psychology:
area of psychology that focuses on how people think about other people, interact in relationships/groups, and are affected by their relationships with others.
What are the 3 main areas researched by social psychology?
- social cognition.
- social behavior.
- social influence.
social cognition:
how people think about others
social behavior:
how people interact in individual and group relationships.
social influence:
how a person/people can influence other people.
define attribution:
cause of an event or behavior
ex. who caused a car accident.
What is the difference between dispositional (internal) attributions and situational (external) attributions?
dispositional: attribution was self-made.
ex. I did good job bc I’m smart!
ex. John wrecked car bc he’s bad driver.
situational: attribution was environment’s doing.
ex. I did good job bc it was easy.
ex. John wrecked car bc roads were awful.
What are actor-based attributions?
attribution made by yourself to yourself.
What are observer-based attributions?
attribution made by yourself to anyone else.
define attributional bias:
cognitive shortcut for making attributions that largely occur unconsciously.
fundamental attribution error:
OBSERVER: tendency to interpret behavior as caused by internal causes.
self-serving bias:
ACTOR: failures to external, successes to internal.
OBSERVER: failures to internal, successes to external.
belief in a just world (victim blaming):
OBSERVER: people get what they deserve.
What are the 3 components to attitudes? (ABC)
affective, behavioral, cognitive!
(attitude) define affective:
one’s feelings about object or topic.
(attitude) define behavioral:
how you act toward object or topic.
(attitude) define cognitive:
what you believe to be true about object or topic.
define cognitive dissonance (A-B):
whenever Attitudes and Behaviors are inconsistent, we’ll unconsciously alter ONE in order to be consistent, typically the attitude.
ex. racist laws and such.
define persuasion:
efforts to change people’s attitudes using information.
What is the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM)?
predicts responses to attempts at persuasion by distinguishing between different routes to persuasion.
(persuasion) central route:
appeal to logic and reason, uses facts.
(persuasion) peripheral route:
appeal to emotion, uses attractiveness.
What is the mere exposure effect?
the more familiar you are with something/someone, the more positive attitude you have towards that something/someone.
stereotype (cognitive):
a belief about particular people, not necessarily negative.
