Chapter 13-Tectonic Processes and Landforms Flashcards
(31 cards)
What are some ways of knowing that continents were at some point in a different position than they are now?
Similar geologic features on coasts of different continents
What is the name of the most recent supercontinent?
Pangea
What are passive margins?
relatively stable
areas
What plate boundary destroys rock?
Convergent
What plate boundary creates rock?
Divergent
What are the 3 kinds of convergent plate boundaries?
Oceanic-continental, Oceanic-oceanic, continetal-continental
What is an oceanic-continental boundary?
Sinking oceanic plate, forms ocean trench and mountains, earthquakes occur here
What is an oceanic-oceanic boundary?
Undersea trench formation, deep and shallow earthquakes
What is a continental-continental boundary?
No subduction, builds mountain ranges, volcanoes are rare, shallow earthquakes
Is rock created or destroyed at a transform boundary?
Neither
Are P-waves fast?
Yes
Are S-Waves fast?
No
How do we calculate earthquake epicenters?
Seismograph
What are fault scarps?
steep cliffs that represent the edge of a vertically displaced block
If lithosphere breaks but doesn’t have displacement, is it a fault?
No
What are the 4 kinds of faults?
Normal, reverse, overthrust, strike-slip
What is a strike-slip fault?
dominated by
horizontal movement
What is a normal fault?
hanging wall moves downward
relative to footwall
What is a dip-slip fault?
dominated by
vertical movement
What is a reverse fault?
hanging wall moves
upward relative to the footwall (compression)
What is an overthrust fault?
shallow reverse
fault
What are some ways in which volcano types differ?
Shape and size
How does silica content influence whether a volcano will be explosive or fluid?
More silica the more explosive
What are cinder cone volcanoes? How big are they, relatively?
Small, steep sided
