Chapter 13: The Growing suspicion in the political nation that the King had a secret Catholic agenda

Question 1

why was there fear of catholicism surrounding Charles II

Answer 1

• his mother, Henrietta Maria, was catholic
• spent most of his exile in the court of Louis XIV
• there was a clear catholic influence at court
• In 1688, James II, publicly announced his conversion to Catholicism

Question 2

how did Charles spending most of his exile at the court of Louis XIV in Catholic France arise fear of catholic influence

Answer 2

because he admired Louis XIV, an absolute Catholic monarch, which raised fears of a Catholic King in England

Question 3

how was there a clear catholic influence at court

Answer 3

Catherine of Braganza, Charles’s wife, was openly Catholic

Question 4

what act did Charles II attempt to suspend

Answer 4

Attempted to suspend the Act of Uniformity in 1662

Question 5

what were the two purposes of the Act of Uniformity in 1662

Answer 5

-provide a measure of religious toleration for dissenting Protestants
- a more tolerant atmosphere would aid English Catholics

Question 6

when did the Second Anglo-Dutch War occur and how was it justified

Answer 6

1665 and it was justified via commercial rivalry

Question 7

what were the added on effects to the Second Anglo-Dutch war

Answer 7

• aid Louis XIV in his campaign to destroy the Protestant Dutch Republic
• extend French territory and influence on mainland Europe

Question 8

what was the secret Treaty of Dover 1670

Answer 8

Charles promised to support French policy in Europe in return for a French subsidy that would free him from financial dependence on Parliament

Question 9

what was the effect of the secret Treaty of Dover 1670

Answer 9

• seemed to confirm Charles’s Catholic leanings
• helped to inflame public opinion

Question 10

when was the Declaration of Indulgence passed

Answer 10

1672

Question 11

what was attempted by Charles by the passing of the Declaration of Indulgence

Answer 11

to establish religious toleration which included Catholics

Question 12

consequence of the declaration of indulgence

Answer 12

left questions about the King’s religious beliefs and the way in which he wished to rule

Question 13

what were three events that added to Protestant fears of a Catholic conspiracy to reverse the Reformation

Answer 13

• Spanish Armada 1588
• Gunpowder Plot 1605
• Irish Rebelion 1641

Question 14

when was the Great Plague in London

Answer 14

1665

Question 15

how many people died from the Great Plague in London

Answer 15

killed approx. 68,600

Question 16

what was the rumour that surrounded the Great Plague in London

Answer 16

portrayed as being the work of Catholic advisors to the king

Question 17

when did the Great Fire of London happen

Answer 17

1666

Question 18

what was the rumour that surrounded the Great Fire of London

Answer 18

that it was started by Paptists who were plotting to seize power and were helped by crypto-Catholics at court

Question 19

when did religious tensions explode

Answer 19

Popish Plot in 1678

Question 20

why did religious tensions explode with the Popish Plot in 1678

Answer 20

rumors sparked the Exclusion Crises regarding the succession of a Catholic King, James II

Question 21

what did James do in 1685 that stoked anger

Answer 21

James allowed Catholics to become army officers

Question 22

previously, what prevented Catholics from becoming army officers

Answer 22

the Test Act of 1673

Question 23

how did James establish his right to suspend the provisions of the Test Act

Answer 23

he used the courts in the case of Godden v Hales

Question 24

what did James do after suspending the provisions of the Test Act

Answer 24

issued a new declaration of Indulgence in 1687

Question 25

what was the new declaration of Indulgence in 1687

Answer 25

granted freedom to both Protestant and Catholic dissenters

Question 26

what did Louis revoke that made protestant fears rise

Answer 26

Edict of Nantes in 1685

Question 27

consequent of revoking the Edict of Nantes in 1685

Answer 27

it reinforced the fears of persecution of Protestants in England

Question 28

what did James renew and order in 1688

Answer 28

renewed his declaration of Indulgence and ordered it to be read from all church pulpits

Question 29

consequent of the renewed declaration in 1688

Answer 29

seven bishops refused to obey this order which led to their arrest, charged with sedition and taken to the Tower of London

Question 30

what was the outcome of the trial of the seven bishops

Answer 30

• trial aroused huge public sympathy for the bishops
• court acquitted them much to the public’s celebration

Question 31

consequent of the trial of the seven bishops

Answer 31

the public’s celebration showed how James’s actions alienated the populace

Question 32

when was James’s son born

Answer 32

1688

Question 33

how was the birth of James’s son the final straw for religious tensions

Answer 33

his catholic son would take precedence over his two protestant daughters