Chapter 13- The Special Sense

Question 1

General Senses- stimuli detected

Answer 1

Touch, Pain and Temperature

Question 2

Special Sense- stimuli detected

Answer 2

Taste, Light, Sound, Head movement and smell

Question 3

What is the structure of sensory receptors in General Senses?

Answer 3

Receptive receptor cells

Question 4

The General Senses location of sensory nerves?

Answer 4

Axon of spinal or cranial nerves

Question 5

When you bend your​ head, gravity pulls on the otolithic​ membrane, bending the stereocilia either toward or away from the kinocilium.

Answer 5

True

Question 6

What separates the outer ear from the middle​ ear?

Answer 6

tympanic membrane

Question 7

Like all other sensory​ pathways, the nerve impulses associated with olfaction are routed through the thalamus on the way to the primary olfactory cortex.

Answer 7

false

Question 8

The three layers of the​ eyeball, from outer to​ inner, are:

Answer 8

fibrous, vascular, and neural layers.

Question 9

Which auditory ossicle is connected to the tympanic​ membrane?

Answer 9

malleus

Question 10

The sclera is continuous with a transparent layer over the anterior eye known as​ the:

Answer 10

cornea.

Question 11

The otolithic membrane plays a role in the detection​ of:

Answer 11

linear acceleration and head tilting.

Question 12

What gland secretes oil to prevent the eyelids from sticking​ together?

Answer 12

tarsal gland

Question 13

What secretes the aqueous​ humor?

Answer 13

ciliary body

Question 14

The optic disc is known as the blind spot​ because:

Answer 14

photoreceptors are absent from the optic disc.

Question 15

The loudness of sound is determined by the vibrations of​ the:

Answer 15

basilar membrane.

Question 16

Which part of the inner ear houses two portions of the membranous labyrinth known as the utricle and​ saccule?

Answer 16

vestibule

Question 17

Rods are concentrated in the fovea centralis while cones are absent from this region of the retina.

Answer 17

false

Question 18

dentify the cranial nerves NOT involved in carrying taste information from the tongue into the CNS.

Answer 18

hypoglossal nerves​ (CN XII)

Question 19

The five major taste sensations are​ sweet, salty,​ bitter, sour, and umami.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

The retina is the only portion of the eye to contain photoreceptor cells.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

Damage to the facial nerve would result in a loss of taste sensation​ from

Answer 21

anterior​ two-thirds of the tongue.

Question 22

Area of retina specialized for detailed vision

Answer 22

Fovea Centralis

Question 23

Portion of the retina that contains no photoreceptors

Answer 23

Optic disc

Question 24

Damage to the hair cells of the spiral organ​ (organ of​ Corti) can result in a loss​ of:

Answer 24

hearing.

Question 25

Taste is detected when chemicals bind receptors on the microvilli​ of:

Answer 25

gustatory cells.

Question 26

Aiden was surprised to learn that his salad dressing contained glucose since it did NOT​ taste:

Answer 26

sweet

Question 27

The function of the pharyngotympanic​ (auditory) tube is to equalize air pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

Olfaction is the sense​ of:

Answer 28

smell​

Question 29

What gelatinous mass helps maintain the shape of the​ eyeball?

Answer 29

vitreous humor

Question 30

Where does each half of the visual field get segregated so that it reaches the opposite hemisphere of the​ brain?

Answer 30

optic chiasma

Question 31

A person who has a cochlear implant needs this device​ for

Answer 31

hearing.

Question 32

What description best matches the function of stereocilia​?

Answer 32

Bending of the stereocilia produces depolarization or hyperpolarization in hair cells.

Question 33

When a photoreceptor cell is stimulated by​ light:

Answer 33

the photoreceptor hyperpolarizes as sodium ion channels close.

Question 34

What part of the eye controls the amount of light entering through the​ pupil?

Answer 34

iris

Question 35

What nerves carry information about the special senses to the​ CNS?

Answer 35

cranial nerves only

Question 36

Twenty-year-old Leslie learned she is hyperopic after having her eyes examined. What best describes her eye​ condition?

Answer 36

Her eyeballs are too short.

Question 37

The three types of cones are​ designated:

Answer 37

red, green, and blue.

Question 38

In the dark​ (absence of a​ stimulus), the photoreceptors​ are:

Answer 38

depolarized.

Question 38

What region of the retina contains a high density of photoreceptor cells and allows for extremely detailed​ vision?

Answer 38

fovea centralis

Question 39

The eye contains two cavities situated within the anterior chamber.

Answer 39

false

Question 40

All taste sensations begin with the entry of hydrogen ions into a gustatory cell.

Answer 40

false

Question 41

Which of the following papillae found on the surface of the tongue contains no taste​ buds, but does contain sensory nerve endings to detect the temperature and texture of​ food?

Answer 41

filiform papillae

Question 42

The ability of the lens to change its shape from flattened to round is known​ as:

Answer 42

accommodation.

Question 43

What taste sensation results when sodium ions enter gustatory cells through sodium ion channel​ receptors, and the cell​ depolarizes?

Answer 43

salty

Question 44

Six extrinsic eye​ muscles, including four rectus muscles and two oblique​ muscles, control the movement of each eye.

Answer 44

True

Question 45

What type of photoreceptor cell perceives​ color?

Answer 45

Cone

Question 46

Which of the following parts of the eye refract light to focus it on the​ retina?

Answer 46

cornea and lens

Question 47

The vibrations received by the tympanic membrane are transferred to the oval window by​ the:

Answer 47

auditory ossicles.

Question 48

Place the following steps of nerve impulses in the olfaction pathway in order. 1. primary olfactory cortex in the temporal lobe 2. olfactory nerve 3. olfactory neurons 4. olfactory bulb

Answer 48

​3, 2,​ 4, 1

Question 49

The conjunctiva is the translucent part of the fibrous layer of the eye.

Answer 49

false

Question 50

What cranial nerve carries information about hearing and head movement to the​ brain?

Answer 50

vestibulocochlear nerve​ (CN VIII)

Question 51

What creates the boundary between the​ air-filled middle ear and the​ fluid-filled inner​ ear?

Answer 51

oval window

Question 52

Where is the primary gustatory cortex​ located?

Answer 52

parietal lobe

Question 53

When sound waves bend​ stereocilia, what​ happens?

Answer 53

Hair cells​ depolarize, releasing​ neurotransmitter, and triggering an action potential.

Question 54

Where are the general senses​ located?

Answer 54

skin

Question 54

What is the function of the​ lens?

Answer 54

The lens focuses light on the retina.

Question 55

Determine the correct order of events that occur when light strikes photoreceptor cells. 1. The bipolar cell depolarizes. 2. Action potentials are sent to the brain via the optic nerve​ (CN II). 3. Light hyperpolarizes the photoreceptor. 4. Retinal ganglion cell produces action potentials.

Answer 55

3, 1,​ 4, 2

Question 56

The sense of equilibrium does NOT depend on input​ from:

Answer 56

the cochlea.

Question 57

Damage to the basal cells in the olfactory epithelium results in a loss​ of:

Answer 57

smell.

Question 58

What part of the inner ear is involved in​ hearing?

Answer 58

cochlea