Chapter 13 Vocab

Question 1

Acidosis

Answer 1

Build up of excess acid in the blood or body tissues that result from a primary illness

Question 2

Adventitious breath sounds

Answer 2

Abnormal breath sounds such as wheezes, rhonchi, and rales

Question 3

Alkalosis

Answer 3

The buildup or excess base (lack of acids) in the body fluids

Question 4

Allergen

Answer 4

Substance that causes an allergic reaction

Question 5

Anaphylaxis

Answer 5

An extreme, life threatening systemic allergic reaction that may include shock and respiratory failure.

Question 6

Asthma

Answer 6

An acute spasm of the smaller air passages, called bronchioles, associated with excessive mucus production and with swelling of the mucous lining of the respiratory passages

Question 7

Atelectasis

Answer 7

Collapse of the alveolar air spaces of the lungs

Question 8

Bronchial breath sounds

Answer 8

Normal breath sounds made by air moving through the bronchi

Question 9

Bronchiolitis

Answer 9

Inflammation of the bronchioles that usually occur in children under 2 and is often caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

Question 10

Bronchitis

Answer 10

Acute or chronic inflammation of the lung that may damage tissue; usually associated with cough and production of sputum and sometimes fever

Question 11

Carbon dioxide retention

Answer 11

A condition characterized by a chronically high blood level of carbon dioxide in which the respiratory center no longer response to high blood levels of carbon dioxide

Question 12

Carbon monoxide

Answer 12

And odorless, highly poisonous gas that results from incomplete Oxidation of carbon in combustion

Question 13

Chronic bronchitis

Answer 13

Irritation of the major long passage ways from infectious disease or irritants such as smoke

Question 14

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Answer 14

A slow process of dilation and disruptionOf the airways and alveoli caused by chronic bronchial obstruction

Question 15

Croup

Answer 15

And inflammatory disease of the upper respiratory system that may cause a partial airway obstruction and is characterized by a barking cough usually seen in children

Question 16

Diphtheria

Answer 16

And infectious disease in which a membrane forms, living the pharynx; this living can severely obstruct the passage of air into the larynx

Question 17

Dyspnea

Answer 17

Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing

Question 18

Embolus

Answer 18

A blood clot or other substance in the circulatory system that travels to a blood vessel where it causes a blockage

Question 19

Emphysema

Answer 19

A disease of the lungs in which there is extreme dilation and eventual distraction of the pulmonary AVeoli with poor exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. It is one form of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Question 20

Epidemic

Answer 20

Occurs when a new case of a disease occurs in a human population and substantially exceed what is expected based on recent experience

Question 21

Epiglottitis

Answer 21

A disease in which the epiglottis becomes inflamed and Enlarged and may cause an upper airway obstruction

Question 22

Hay fever

Answer 22

An allergic response usually to outdoor airborne allergens such as pollen or sometimes indoor allergen such as dust dust mites or pet dander. Also called allergic rhinitis

Question 23

Hyperventilation

Answer 23

Rapid or deep breathing that lowers the blood carbon dioxide level below normal

Question 24

Hyperventilation syndrome (panic attack)

Answer 24

This syndrome occurs in the absence of other physical problems. The respirations of a person who is experiencing hyperventilation syndrome may be as high as 40 shallow breaths per minute or as low as only 20 very deep breaths per minute

Question 25

Hypoxia

Answer 25

A condition in which the body cells and tissues do not have enough oxygen

Question 26

Hypoxic drive

Answer 26

Backup system to control respirations when oxygen levels fall

Question 27

Meningococcal meningitis

Answer 27

Inflammation of the meningeal coverings of the brain and spinal cord; can be highly contagious

Question 28

Metered dose inhaler

Answer 28

A miniature spray canister used to direct medications through the mouth and into the lungs

Question 29

Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

Answer 29

A bacterium that can cause infections in different parts of the body. It is transmitted by different routes, including the respiratory route and is particularly dangerous because of its resistance to methicillin

Question 30

Oxygenation

Answer 30

The process of delivering oxygen to the blood

Question 31

Pandemic

Answer 31

An outbreak of that occurs on a global scale

Question 32

Pertussis (whooping cough)

Answer 32

And airborne bacterial infection that affects mostly children younger than six years. Patients will be feverish and exhibit a whoop sound on inspiration after a coughing attack. Highly contagious through droplet infection.

Question 33

Pleural effusion

Answer 33

A collection of fluid between the lung and chest wall that may compress the lung

Question 34

Pleuritic chest pain

Answer 34

Sharp, stabbing pain in the chest that is worsened by deep breath or other chest wall movement. Often caused by inflammation or irritation of the pleura

Question 35

Pneumonitis

Answer 35

Inflammation of the lung

Question 36

Pneumothorax

Answer 36

Partial or complete accumulation of air in the pleural space

Question 37

Pulmonary edema

Answer 37

A buildup of fluid in the lungs usually as a result of CHF

Question 38

Pulmonary embolism

Answer 38

A blood clot that breaks off from a large vein and travels to the blood vessels of the lungs causing obstruction of blood flow

Question 39

Rates

Answer 39

Cracking, rattling breast down signaling fluid in the air spaces of the lungs

Question 40

Respiration

Answer 40

The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

Question 41

RSV

Answer 41

Respiratory syncyti virus. Virus that causes an infection of the lungs and breathing passages. Can lead to other serious illnesses that affect the lungs or heart, such as bronchiolitis and pneumonia. RSV is highly contagious and spreads through droplets

Question 42

Rhonchi

Answer 42

Coarse breath sounds heard in patients with chronic mucus in the airway

Question 43

Severe acute respiratory syndrome

Answer 43

SARS. Potentially life-threatening viral infection that usually starts with flu like symptoms

Question 44

Small volume nebulizer

Answer 44

A respiratory device that holds liquid medicine that’s turned into a fine mist. The patient inhales the medication into the airways and lungs as a treatment for conditions like asthma.

Question 45

Stridor

Answer 45

A harsh, high-pitched, barking inspiratory often heardin acute laryngeal obstruction

Question 46

Tuberculosis

Answer 46

A disease that can lay dormant in a persons lungs for decades then reactivate. Many strains are resistant to many antibiotics. TB is spread by cough.

Question 47

Vesicular breath sounds

Answer 47

Normal breast sounds mean but you’re moving in and out of the aveoli

Question 48

Wheezing

Answer 48

A high-pitched, whistling breath sounds, characteristically heard on expiration in patients with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 325 Metcalf st sw