Chapter 14&15

Question 1

Forces that attract molecules to each other

Answer 1

Intermolecular forces

Question 2

Electrostatic attraction

Answer 2

Latter forces involving + attracting -

Question 3

Molecule with a polar covenant bond is called …

Answer 3

A dipole

Question 4

A dipole

Answer 4

Charged partially positive

Charged partially negative

Question 5

The three intermolecular forces (IMF)

Answer 5

Hydrogen bonding
Dipole-dipole
London (dispersion forces)

Question 6

IMF are responsible for many physical properties like

Answer 6

Room temperature

Vapor pressure

Question 7

A substance with weak IMF is a …

Answer 7

Gas@ room temperature

Question 8

Substances with strong IMF it is probably a

Answer 8

Solid or liquid @ room temperature

Question 9

How is vapor pressure measured?

Answer 9

When a liquid is placed in a sealed container and measured at room temperature and allowed to vaporate

Question 10

Viscosity

Answer 10

A fluids resistance to flow

Question 11

Surface tension

Answer 11

The intermolecular attraction between two molecules at the surface of a liquid

Question 12

If the atoms that share an unequal attraction for the electrons, the bond is called

Answer 12

Polar

Question 13

Dipole-dipole forces

Answer 13

The strong forces of attraction between the positive and negative regions of molecules

Question 14

The reason the boiling point of water is higher than the boiling point of hydrogen sulfate

Answer 14

Hydrogen bonding

Question 15

A polar molecule contains

Answer 15

A regions of a positive charge and a region of negative charge

Question 16

Evaporation

Answer 16

When particles escape the surface of a non boiling liquid and enter the gas state (liquid to gas)

Question 17

Which is the following of an amorphous solid?

Answer 17

Glass

Question 18

At its triple point, water can

Answer 18

Exist in equilibrium in three different stages (l, s, g)

Question 19

Above the critical temperature, a substance cannot

Answer 19

Exist in liquid state

Question 20

Sublimation

Answer 20

The process of a substance changing from a solid to a vapor without passing the liquid phase

Question 21

Glycerol attractive forces are

Answer 21

Stronger than those of water

Question 22

Durin boiling, the temperature of liquid

Answer 22

Remains constant

Question 23

Heterogeneous mixture example

Answer 23

Whole Wheat bread

Question 24

NOT an example of a colloid

Answer 24

Sugar water

Question 25

Which mixture contains visible particles that settle out unless the mixture is stirred?

Answer 25

A suspension

Question 26

Alloy

Answer 26

A metal solution

Question 27

Colloids...

Answer 27

Scatter light

Question 28

The Tyndall effect is used to distinguish between

Answer 28

Solutions and colloids

Question 29

A substance whose water solution is a good conductor of electricity is a(n)

Answer 29

Electrolyte

Question 30

Example of an electrolyte

Answer 30

Sodium chloride

Question 31

Which of the following does not increase the rate of dissolving a solid in water?

Answer 31

Using larger pieces of solid

Question 32

Stirring increases the rate of dissolution because it

Answer 32

Bring fresh solvent in contact with solute

Question 33

Which of the following will dissolve most rapidly?

Answer 33

Powdered sugar in hot water

Question 34

If the amount of solute present in a solution at a given temperature is less than the maximum amount that can dissolve at that temperature, the solution is said to be

Answer 34

Unsaturated

Question 35

A solute crystal is dropped into a solution containing dissolved solute. It falls to the bottom of the beaker and does not dissolve after vigorous stirring. What does this indicate about the solution?

Answer 35

It is probably saturated

Question 36

Which of the following is likely to produce crystals if disturbed?

Answer 36

A supersaturated solution

Question 37

Like dissolves like: like is..?

Answer 37

Polarity

Question 38

Two immiscible substances ...

Answer 38

will not form a solution.

Question 39

Pressure has the greatest effect on the solubility of

Answer 39

Gases in liquids

Question 40

The solubility of gases in liquids

Answer 40

Increases with increasing pressure

Question 41

As temperature increases, solubility of gases in liquids

Answer 41

Decreases

Question 42

Nonvolatile solutes...

Answer 42

depress freezing point and elevate boiling point.

Question 43

Forces that hold atoms together within a molecule is called

Answer 43

Intramolecules forces

Question 44

Gas to a liquid is

Answer 44

Condensation

Question 45

Gas to a solid is

Answer 45

Deposition

Question 46

Solid to has

Answer 46

Sublimation

Question 47

Solvent

Answer 47

Substance in greatest amount in solution

Question 48

Solute

Answer 48

Substances in least amount in solution

Question 49

Solution

Answer 49

A homogenous mixture (same throughout)

Question 50

Heat if vaporization

Answer 50

q=hvm Hv: 2330J (always) M: mass

Question 51

Heat of fusion

Answer 51

q=mHf Hf: 335 J M: always in grams...

Question 52

Miscible

Answer 52

Soluble in any proportion (ex. Water)

Question 53

Immiscible

Answer 53

Not soluble in any proportion (ex. Olive oil)

Question 54

Solution can exist in

Answer 54

Any phase

Question 55

Aqueous

Answer 55

Solvent is water

Question 56

Soluble

Answer 56

Solute that dissolves in solvent (ex. NaCl in water)

Question 57

Solubility

Answer 57

Maximum amount of solute that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent at room temp

Question 58

Salt is a what compound

Answer 58

Ionic

Question 59

A substance is soluble if more than 0.1mol dissolves in

Answer 59

1.0 L of solution

Question 60

Supersaturated solution

Answer 60

Unstable p, more dissolved solute than normal

Question 61

Hydrophobic

Answer 61

Water hating

Question 62

Hydrophilic

Answer 62

Water loving

Question 63

Ion-dipole force

Answer 63

Strong attraction of water molecules for each ion

Question 64

Sugar is ______ soluble in water

Answer 64

Highly

Question 65

London-dispersion forces

Answer 65

Occur when electrons on atoms of a molecule repel the nearby electrons on the atom of another molecule Ex. Iodine in tetraflouride

Question 66

Molarity of a solution

Answer 66

The amount of solute in moles in a given volume

Question 67

The higher the volume of a solution, the lower the

Answer 67

Concentration

Question 68

Molar concentration

Answer 68

[ ]

Question 69

Molarity formula

Answer 69

M=m/L

Question 70

Solvation

Answer 70

Process of solvent molecules surrounding solute particles

Question 71

Dissociation equation represents..

Answer 71

The process of the positive + negative ions in the salt being separated by the solvent

Question 72

Dissociation equation example | Mole ratios represent the relative amounts of ions in a solution

Answer 72

CaCl2 --> Ca2+ + 2Cl-

Question 73

Electrolyte & non-electrolyte

Answer 73

A solution that conducts electricity & A solution that doesn't conduct electricity

Question 74

Most covalent and molecular substances are what kind of electrolytes?

Answer 74

Non-electrolytes

Question 75

Titration

Answer 75

Quantitative analysis method used to determine the concentration of an unknown solution by reacting it w/ another substance of known concentration

Question 76

Solving titration problems (calculating the unknown concentration of an acid)

Answer 76

1. Write balanced equation for acid-base neutralization reaction 2. Calculate moles of known substance 3. using balanced equation, convert the amount of known substance to amount of unknown substance 4. Calculate concentration by dividing moles by liters

Question 77

Standardized solution

Answer 77

Solution whose concentration is known