chapter 14&15

Question 1

Wave

Answer 1

a periodic disturbance a periodic disturbance in a solid, liquid, or gas as energy is transmitted through a medium.

Question 2

Mechanical Waves

Answer 2

waves that require a medium to propagate.

Question 3

EM waves

Answer 3

a wave that consists oscillating electric and magnetic fields, which radiate outward at the speed of light.

Question 4

Medium

Answer 4

a physical environment in which phenomena occur

Question 5

Sound waves

Answer 5

are longitudinal waves & spread out in spherical wavefronts.

Question 6

two types of waves

Answer 6

traverse & longitudinal

Question 7

Longitudinal Wave

Answer 7

a wave in which the particles of the medium vibrate parallel to the direction of wave motion. picture p. 464 & 461

Question 8

Traverse Wave

Answer 8

a wave in which the particles of the medium move perpendicular to the direction the wave is traveling. pict. p 460

Question 9

Surface Waves

Answer 9

• Occur at the boundary between two different media.
• Particles move in both longitudinal and traverse directions.

Question 10

Crest

Answer 10

the highest point of a wave.

Question 11

Trough

Answer 11

the lowest point of wave.

Question 12

Amplitude

Answer 12

from zero to the max value.

Question 13

wavelength

Answer 13

lambda = v_wave* T = v_wave/f.

Question 14

reflection

Answer 14

the reflection of a wave from an object.

Question 15

interference

Answer 15

the combination of two or more waves of the ?same frequency that results in a single wave

Question 16

wave superposition

Answer 16

unlike particles waves can occupy the same space at the same time

Question 17

Standing Wave

Answer 17

the result of destructive & constructive interference. The reflected wave travels in the opposite direction, constructive interference producing crests and troughs, and destructive interference producing nodes. there are actually waves traveling in both directions, the VISUAL makes it seem like it’s standing still. see page 478.

Question 18

pitch

Answer 18

the measure of how high or low the sound is perceived to be. depends on the frequency of the wave.

Question 19

resonance

Answer 19

the phenomenon that occurs when two objects naturally vibrate at the same frequency.

Question 20

Sonar

Answer 20

Sound Navigation & Ranging.

Question 21

photon’s energy

Answer 21

directly proportional to the frequency. a “blue light” photon has more energy than a “red light” photon

Question 22

intensity

Answer 22

the rate at which energy flows through a given area of space.

Question 23

RADAr

Answer 23

radio detection and landing.

Question 24

Light Ray

Answer 24

a line in space the matches the direction of the flow of radian energy

Question 25

Diffuse Reflection

Answer 25

Rough surfaces reflect light rays in many directions

Question 26

non-defuse reflection

Answer 26

Smooth Surface reflect light in one direction

Question 27

Law of Reflection

Answer 27

angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.

Question 28

Virtual Image

Answer 28

am image that forms at a coalition that which light rays appear to come but do not actually come.

Question 29

Black Color

Answer 29

actually an absence of colors.

Question 30

Refraction

Answer 30

* the bending of a wavefront as the wavefront passes between two substances (media) in which the speed of the waves differs. ie. light bends when it passes from one medium into another. * The angle depends on the speed of light in the media.

Question 31

Refraction from faster medium to slower medium

Answer 31

when light from air to glass(slower light speed), it’s path is bent toward the normal.

Question 32

refraction from Faster medium to slower medium

Answer 32

when light passes from glass to air, its path is bent away from the normal.

Question 33

Total Inertial Reflection

Answer 33

the complete reflection that takes place within a substance when the angle of incidence of light striking the surface boundary is less than the critical angle.

Question 34

Lens

Answer 34

a transparent object that refracts light waves such that they converse or diverge to create an image.

Question 35

Prism

Answer 35

a system that consists of two or more plane surfaces of a transparent solid at an angle with each other.

Question 36

Dispersion

Answer 36

* the process of separating a wave of different frequencies into its individual component waves. * In fluid dynamics, dispersion of water waves generally refers to frequency dispersion, which means that waves of different wavelengths travel at different phase speeds.

Question 37

Intensity

Answer 37

Power/ boundary surface = P/(4Pir^2).