Chapter 14-16

Question 1

New Monarchies (vocab)

Answer 1

(France, England & Spain)- centralization of royal power was increasing within more or less fixed territorial limits.

Question 2

Three field system

Answer 2

Rotational system for agriculture in which one field grows grain, one grows legumes, & one lies fallow. It gradually replaced two-field system in medieval Europe.

Question 3

English civil war

Answer 3

Conflict over royal versus.
Parliamentary rights checked the growth of royal absolutism & with the glorious revolution & the English bill of rights ensured that England would be a constitutional monarchy.

Question 4

Papacy

Answer 4

Central administration of the Roman Catholic Church, of which the pope is the head.

Question 5

Gothic cathedrals

Answer 5

Large churches originating in twelfth-century France; built by pointed arches, tall vaults & spires, flying buttresses, and large stained glass windows.

Question 6

Vasco da Gama

Answer 6

A Portuguese explorer.

Led the first naval expedition from Europe to sail to India, opening a commercial sea route.

Question 7

Arawak

Answer 7

Amerindian peoples who inhabited the Greater Antilles of the Caribbean at the time of Columbus.

Question 8

Bartolommeo Dias

Answer 8

A Portuguese explorer.

Led the first expedition to sail sound the southern tip of Africa from the Atlantic & sight of the Indian Ocean.

Question 9

Moctezuma

Answer 9

Last aztec emperor, overthrown by the Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés.

Question 10

Atahualpa

Answer 10

Last ruling Inca emperor of Peru.

Executed by the Spanish.

Question 11

The 3 field system was what?

Answer 11

Rotational system for agriculture in which one field grows grain, one grows legumes, & one lies fallow. It gradually replaced two-field system in medieval Europe.

Question 12

The poem “Canterbury Tales” was written by who?

Answer 12

Geoffrey Chaucer

Question 13

What caused continued growth of trade & manufacturing after 1200?

Answer 13

Growth of urban areas in Latin West

Question 14

Where was the first modern university as a degree granting corporation established?

Answer 14

Latin west

Question 15

Europeans view natural world through 2 belief systems, what are they?

Answer 15

Folklore & religion

Question 16

Charles V failed to unify all Europe, but Spain, France & England successfully unified their states by doing what?

Answer 16

Building a more successful program of political unification based on political centralization & religious unity

Question 17

Bourgeoisie means what?

Answer 17

Urban class that dominated manufacturing, finance commerce & allied professions.

Wealthy merchants

Question 18

What fostered artistic growth in the renaissance?

Answer 18

Patronage of wealthy merchants & prelates

Question 19

Who did Henry the navigator derive funds from for his expeditions?

Answer 19

Order of Christ

Question 20

In light of challenges to Catholic Church, many reforms were enacted such as what?

Answer 20

Protestant-Catholic

Question 21

Portuguese primary focused on what city in eastern Indian Ocean?

Answer 21

Malacca

Question 22

First Portuguese who landed in India were greeted with what?

Answer 22

Laughter?

Open arms?

Question 23

What “architecture wonder” first made its appearance in France on/ or about the year 1140 CE?

Answer 23

Gothic cathedrals

Question 24

What contributed to the continued growth of trade & manufacturing after 1200?

Answer 24

Latin west

Question 25

What was the Portuguese’s focus in the eastern Indian Ocean?

Answer 25

Gold

Question 26

What were the motives that led to Iberian overseas expansion?

Answer 26

All of the above

Question 27

What was an early impetus for Portuguese maritime exploration?

Answer 27

Access to Sub Saharan gold trade

Question 28

What was the belief that humans could understand social behavior using reason?

Answer 28

The enlightenment

Question 29

Many religious & intellectual leaders viewed the new science with suspicion as shown by what event?

Answer 29

Science revolution

Question 30

Define who the Habsburg were.

& what lands were under their control?

Answer 30

A dynasty of Austria- Spanish throne of Castile & Aragon.

Provided holy roman emperors & found Austro-Hungarian empire

Question 31

What is the Black Death?

Why do historians describe this epidemic as having a positive impact on Europe in the long term?

Answer 31

Was a disease that killed a third of the Western European population. It spread to different countries as well.

It had a positive impact, because it recovered from the population loss & regained it in 1200. It even changed social changes in Western Europe.