Chapter 14-17

Question 1

rigid bony box that protects the brain and special sense organs and it includes the bones of the cranium and the face

Answer 1

skull

Question 2

What are the four cranial bones?

Answer 2

frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal

Question 3

adjacent cranial bones unite at meshed immovable joints

Answer 3

sutures

Question 4

Three types of sutures:

Answer 4

coronal, sagittal, lambdoid

Question 5

separates the head lengthwise between the two parietal bones

Answer 5

sagittal

Question 6

separates the parietal bones crosswise from the occipital bone

Answer 6

lambdoid

Question 7

crowns the head from ear to ear at the union of frontal and parietal bones

Answer 7

coronal

Question 8

located on C7, on the neck

Answer 8

Vertebra prominens

Question 9

A physician tells the nurse that a patients vertebra prominens is tender and asks the nurse to reevaluate the area in 1 hour. The area of the body the nurse will assess is:

a. Just above the diaphragm.
b. Just lateral to the knee cap.
c. At the level of the C7 vertebra.
d. At the level of the T11 vertebra.

Answer 9

C.

**The C7 vertebra has a long spinous process, called the vertebra prominens, which is palpable when the head is flexed.

Question 10

What gland is in the cheek over the mandible , anterior to or below the ear?

Answer 10

parotid

Question 11

What gland is beneath the mandible at the angle of the jaw?

Answer 11

submandibular

Question 12

What gland lies on the floor of the mouth?

Answer 12

sublingual

Question 13

What lies superior to the temporalis muscle; its pulsation is palpable anterior to the ear?

Answer 13

temporal artery

Question 14

What are the major neck muscles?

What cranial nerve do they innervate at?

Answer 14

sternomastoid and trapezius

They are innervated by cranial nerve XI (the spinal accessory)

Question 15

The nurse notices that a patients palpebral fissures are not symmetric. On examination, the nurse may find that damage has occurred to which cranial nerve (CN)?

a. III
b. V
c. VII
d. VIII

Answer 15

C.

**asymmetry of palpebral fissures may be attributable to damage to CN VII (Bell palsy).

Question 16

What describes the delimited by the base of the skull and inferior border of the mandible above and by the manubrium sterni, the clavicle, first rib, first thoracic vertebra?

Answer 16

Neck

Question 17

Sternomastoid muscle divides each side of the neck into two triangles:

Answer 17

anterior and posterior

Question 18

endocrine gland that is rich in blood supply; synthesizes and secretes T3 and T4 hormones that stimulate the rate of cellular metabolism; this gland has two lobes

Answer 18

thyroid gland

Question 19

midline, behind the tip of the mandible

Answer 19

submental

Question 20

Which cranial nerve?

Facial sensations of pain or touch

Answer 20

Cranial nerve V, Trigeminal

Question 21

What artery supplies the face, salivary glands, and superficial temporal area?

Answer 21

external carotid artery

Question 22

What artery branches off the common carotid, runs inward and upward to supply the brain?

Answer 22

internal carotid artery

Question 23

behind the sternomastoid muscle

Answer 23

posterior triangle

Question 24

lies in front, between the sternomastoid and midline of the body, lower border of the mandible

Answer 24

anterior triangle

Question 25

in front of the ear

Answer 25

preauricular

Question 26

superficial to the mastoid process

Answer 26

posterior auricular

Question 27

under the angle of the mandible

Answer 27

jugulodigastric (tonsillar)

Question 28

just above and behind the clavicle, at the end of the sternomastoid muscle

Answer 28

supraclavicular

Question 29

spaces where the sutures intersect in the bones of the neonatal skull; these membrane covered "soft spots" allow for the growth of the brain

Answer 29

fontanels

Question 30

the leading cause of acute pain and lost of productivity; classified as tension, migraine, sinus.

Answer 30

headache

Question 31

How do you assess for objective data of the head?

Answer 31

no lumps, no lesions, no tenderness, no trauma

Question 32

How do you assess objective data of the face?

Answer 32

symmetric, no drooping, no weakness, no involuntary movements

Question 33

How do you assess for objective data of the neck?

Answer 33

supply with full ROM, no pain. symmetric, no cervical lymphadenopathy or masses. trachea midline. thyroid not palpable. no bruits.

Question 34

an autoimmune disease with increased production of thyroid hormones causes an increased metabolic rate. this is manifested by goiter, eyelid retraction, exophthalamos

Answer 34

grave's disease or hyperthyroidism

Question 35

Symptoms of hyperthyroidism include?

Answer 35

nervousness, fatigue, weight loss, muscle cramps, heat intolerance

Question 36

Signs of hyperthyroidism include?

Answer 36

forceful tachycardia, shortness of breath, excessive sweating, thin silky hair, warm/ moist skin, muscle tremor, infrequent blinking

Question 37

deficiency of thyroid hormone means that the thyroid furnace is cold. usual cause is hashimoto thyroiditis.

Answer 37

myxedema or hypothyroidism

Question 38

Symptoms of hypothyroidism:

Answer 38

fatigue and cold intolerance

Question 39

Signs of hypothyroidism:

Answer 39

puffy, edematous face especially around the eyes, puffy hands and feet, coarse facial features, cool/ dry skin, dry/coarse hair or eyebrows, slow reflexes; sometimes thick speech

Question 40

excessive secretion of growth hormone from the pituitary gland after puberty creates and enlarged skull and thickened cranial bones

Answer 40

acromegaly

Question 41

Objective data of acromegaly:

Answer 41

elongated head, massive face, overgrowth of the nose and lower jaw; heavy eyebrow ridge, and coarse facial features.

Question 42

a rapid onset of cranial nerve VII paralysis of the facial muscles; almost always unilateral

Answer 42

bell palsy

Question 43

excessive secretion of ACTH and chronic steroid use, the person develops a rounded, "moonlike" face; prominent jowls, red cheeks, hirsutism on upper lips, lower cheeks, and chin.

Answer 43

cushing syndrome

Question 44

deficiency of the neurotransmitter dopamine; immobility of features like "masklike" with elevated eyebrows, staring gaze, oily skin, and drooling.

Answer 44

parkinson syndrome

Question 45

two rapid window shades that protect the eye from injury, strong light, and dust

Answer 45

eyelids

Question 46

elliptical open space between the eyelids

Answer 46

palpebral fissure

Question 47

the border between the sclera and cornea

Answer 47

limbus

Question 48

corner of the eye and angle where the lids meet

Answer 48

canthus

Question 49

fleshy mass containing sebaceous glands

Answer 49

caruncle

Question 50

in the upper lid, strips of connective tissue that gives it shape

Answer 50

tarsal plates

Question 51

modified sebaceous glands that secrete and oily lubricating material onto the eyelids; stops the tears from overflowing

Answer 51

meibomian glands

Question 52

thin mucous membrane folded like an envelope between the eyelid and the eyeball

Answer 52

conjuntiva

Question 53

provides constant irrigation to keep the conjunctiva and cornea moist and lubricated

Answer 53

lacrimal apparatus

Question 54

What cranial nerves involves movements of the eyes?

Answer 54

abducens or cranial nerve VI trochlear or cranial nerve IV oculomotor or cranial nerve III

Question 55

A patient is unable to differentiate between sharp and dull stimulation to both sides of her face. The nurse suspects: a. Bell palsy. b. Damage to the trigeminal nerve. c. Frostbite with resultant paresthesia to the cheeks. d. Scleroderma.

Answer 55

B.

Question 56

When examining the face of a patient, the nurse is aware that the two pairs of salivary glands that are accessible to examination are the ___________ and ___________ glands. a. Occipital; submental b. Parotid; jugulodigastric c. Parotid; submandibular d. Submandibular; occipital

Answer 56

C.

Question 57

A patients laboratory data reveal an elevated thyroxine (T4) level. The nurse would proceed with an examination of the _____ gland. a. Thyroid b. Parotid c. Adrenal d. Parathyroid

Answer 57

A.

Question 58

A male patient with a history of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has come in for an examination and he states, I think that I have the mumps. The nurse would begin by examining the: a. Thyroid gland. b. Parotid gland. c. Cervical lymph nodes. d. Mouth and skin for lesions.

Answer 58

B.

Question 59

When examining children affected with Down syndrome (trisomy 21), the nurse looks for the possible presence of: a. Ear dysplasia. b. Long, thin neck. c. Protruding thin tongue. d. Narrow and raised nasal bridge.

Answer 59

A.

Question 60

A woman comes to the clinic and states, Ive been sick for so long! My eyes have gotten so puffy, and my eyebrows and hair have become coarse and dry. The nurse will assess for other signs and symptoms of: a. Cachexia. b. Parkinson syndrome. c. Myxedema. d. Scleroderma.

Answer 60

C.

Question 61

During ocular examinations, the nurse keeps in mind that movement of the extraocular muscles is: a. Decreased in the older adult. b. Impaired in a patient with cataracts. c. Stimulated by cranial nerves (CNs) I and II. d. Stimulated by CNs III, IV, and VI.

Answer 61

D.

Question 62

the inner layer of the eye, is where light waves are changed into nerve impulses.

Answer 62

retina

Question 63

located on the nasal side of the retina. Its color is a creamy yellow-orange to a pink, and the edges are distinct and sharply demarcated

Answer 63

optic disc

Question 64

occurs with local infections, crying, and systemic conditions such as heart failure, renal failure, allergy, and hypothyroidism.

Answer 64

periorbital edema

Question 65

Define anisocoria:

Answer 65

unequal pupil size

Question 66

Whats the term for when person has shadows or diminished vision in one quadrant or one half of the visual field?

Answer 66

retinal detachment

Question 67

What is the term for an inflammation of the lacrimal sac? and for inflammation of the eyelids?

Answer 67

Dacryocystitis; Blepharitis