Chapter 14

Question 1

The kinetic energy of an object increases when its ___________ increases.

Answer 1

Speed

Question 2

According to the kinetic theory of matter, as air gets hot, the air ________________ and ________________.

Answer 2

Expands, rises

Question 3

List two materials that become hot easily

Answer 3

metal and rock

Question 4

List two materials that do not become hot as easily as the materials listed before

Answer 4

wood and plastic

Question 5

If a block of metal at 10 C is placed next to a block of metal at 40 C on a table that is in a room at room temperature, what is likely to happen?

Answer 5

The hot block will cool and the cool block will become hotter.

Question 6

What does not require an input of energy?

Answer 6

condensation

Question 7

If the same amount of energy is added to 5 g of water and to 50 g of water, which sample will have the higher temperature?

Answer 7

The 5 g of water.

Question 8

Temperature is a measure of the average _______________ energy of an object’s particles.

Answer 8

Kinetic

Question 9

What is the name of a temperature scale?

Answer 9

Celsius, Fahrenheit and Kelvin.

Question 10

Convert 75 C to degrees Fahrenheit

Answer 10

75 x 1.8 + 32 = 167 F

Question 11

The temperature at which all molecular motion stops is

Answer 11

0 K

Question 12

Convert 500 F to degrees Celsius

Answer 12

500 - 32 / 1.8 = 260 C

Question 13

When one feels a warm oven, the sensation of warmth is the result of

Answer 13

Energy transfer

Question 14

Convert 300 K to the Celsius scale

Answer 14

300-273 = 27 C

Question 15

Convert 458 K to the equivalent Fahrenheit temperature

Answer 15

(458-273) x 1.8 + 32 = 365 F

Question 16

The energy transferred between objects with different temperatures is

Answer 16

Heat

Question 17

What temperature is impossible to measure?

Answer 17

-20 K

The reason is because 0 K is absolute zero.

Question 18

_______________ describes how much energy is required to raise an object’s temperature.

Answer 18

Specific heat

Question 19

Calculate the energy transferred when raising the temperature of 16 kg of water by 3 C (c=4,186 K/kg . K)

Answer 19

(4186)(3)(16) = 2.0 x 10^5 J

Question 20

_____________ does not involve the movement of matter.

Answer 20

Radiation

Question 21

Calculate the specific heat for a 20 g piece of metal if 30 J of energy is required to raise its temperature by 12.5 K

Answer 21

30 / (0.02)(12.5) = 120 J/kg . K

Question 22

A material that is a poor conductor of energy

Answer 22

Insulator

Question 23

Characteristic physical property of a substance, denoted by the letter c

Answer 23

Specific heat

Question 24

The transfer of energy as heat through a material

Answer 24

Conduction

Question 25

Energy transferred as electromagnetic waves

Answer 25

Radiation

Question 26

A material through which energy is easily conducted

Answer 26

Conductor

Question 27

The movement of fluids due to density differences caused by temperature variations

Answer 27

Convection

Question 28

Heat always moves from an object of _______________ temperature to an object of ______________ temperature.

Answer 28

Higher, lower

Question 29

A drill bit will get hot after extended us. This is because of

Answer 29

Mechanical heating

Question 30

Solar panels gather _____________ energy from the sun.

Answer 30

Radiated

Question 31

When energy is transformed, the amount of usable energy

Answer 31

Decreases ?

Question 32

A solar heating system that utilizes and electric fan to move warm air throughout a home is called a(n) ____________ system.

Answer 32

Active ?

Question 33

What contains insulation material?

Answer 33

Plastic-foam cup

Question 34

Evaporation causes a __________ effect.

Answer 34

Cooling

Question 35

Heat engines use ____________ to convert potential chemical energy and internal kinetic energy into mechanical energy.

Answer 35

Combustion

Question 36

An engine transforms chemical energy of a fuel into work done by

Answer 36

Pistons ?

Question 37

The total amount of energy (both usable and unusable) in any process

Answer 37

Remains constant

Question 38

What are the units of energy?

Answer 38

Joules (J)