Chapter 14 Flashcards
(155 cards)
1
Q
exercise for clients with_
aerobic activities
low to moderate intensity
goal 150 - 200 minutes/week
5 days/week
A
dyslipidemia
EXERCISE CAN REDUCE LDL LEVELS
2
Q
Highest prevalence of low back pain seen in
A
Women aged 40 to 80 years
3
Q
LDL
190 or greater
A
Very high
4
Q
clients with PVD should be encouraged to walk to the point of _ btwn grades _ and _
A
intense pain
grades 2 and 3
5
Q
primary stimulus for development of collateral circulation and improvements to oxidative metabolism
A
ischemia - dedrease in blood supply due to constricted or blocked blood vessels
6
Q
brief summary of client’s current status based on subjective and objective observations and measures
A
SOAP:
assessment
7
Q
Rheumatoid class_
Able to perform self care but limited in vocational and avocational activities
A
Class 3
8
Q
Silent killer
A
Hypertension
9
Q
cholesterol:
travels through body attached to_
transported in _
A
attached to a protein - lipoprotein
blood plasma
10
Q
Most common fracture sites: 3
A
Hip
Spine
Wrist
11
Q
MHR _ with age
Cardiac out declines _ % per year upon reaching adulthood
Cardiac out put drops _ to _%
VO2 max declines _% per decade after 30 yrs old
A
Declines
1%
30 - 60%
8-10%
12
Q
_ rep max may derive most benefit to bone
A
8 -RM
13
Q
Obese/overweight should exercise _ days/ week to maximize caloric expenditure
A
5-6 days per week
14
Q
Low risk CAD clients:
A
No exercise induces ischemia
Functional capacity of greater than 7 METS
Ejection fraction greater than 50%
No abnormal heart rhythms
15
Q
Moderate exercise can lower risk of CAD by _%
A
20%
16
Q
Muscle _ has the most positive association with low back health
A
Muscle endurance
17
Q
cardiac reserve is _ and is _ in pregnant women
physical demands more difficult in _ position
A
difference btwn resting and max cardiac function
reduced
supine
18
Q
3 diseases that make up cardiovascular disease
A
heart attack
PVD
stroke
19
Q
Exercise can reduce _
in clients with fibromyalgia
(3)
A
Pain
Depression
Anxiety
20
Q
2nd leading cause of death in the United States
A
Cancer
21
Q
youth - greatest gains in bone mass occur
A
just before and during puberty
22
Q
Signs of stroke:5
A
Sudden:
Numbness in face, arms, legs
Confusion, trouble speaking
Trouble seeing in one or both eyes
Loss of balance, coordination
Severe headache
23
Q
Family history
Hypertension
Smoking
Diabetes
Age
Dyslipidemia
Lifestyle
A
Risk factors that contribute to CVD:
24
Q
clients with PVD should not exercise in _ or _ to avoid vasoconstriction
A
cold air or water
25
Women with. Hip fracture have a _ risk of incurring another fracture
Fourfold
26
What is PEH
How kind does it last?
Post exercise hypotension- decrease in SBP and DBP post exercise
Up to 22 hours
27
Blood vessel in brain hurts
Hemorrhagic stroke
28
3 risk factors that can increase chronic disease
poor diet
smoking
physical inactivity
29
Rheumatoid class_
Able to perform ADL
Class 1
30
Malignant cells _
Benign cells _
Metastasize
Stay local and do not spread
31
Bone remodeling:2
Bone formation is typically greater than bone resorption
This is disrupted with age
32
exercise for clients with _
non-impact endurance activities
short duration walking
low to moderate intensity - to the point of intense pain
long warm ups and cool downs - 10min or longer
daily exercise
peripheral vascular disease
33
System that provides information regarding position of the head in space
Vestibular system
34
_ Americans have CAD
15.4 million
35
Blood supply to the brain is cut off
%
Ischemic Stroke
80%
36
LDL
160-189
High
37
Each _ rise in SBP and _ rise in DBP _ the risk of developing CVD
20 mmHg
10 mmHg
Doubles
38
PVD grade_
Definite discomfort or pain but only initial or modest levels
Grade 1
39
PAOD:
Peripheral artery occlusive disease
Atherosclerosis of lower extremities
40
Exercise for clients with _
Low intensity endurance
Gradual progression to intervals
12-15 reps
NO ISOMETRIC CONTRACTIONS!!
Increase to 30 min
HR 20 to 30 beats over RHR
3-5 days week
Cardiovascular disease
41
leading cause of death in the U.S. for men and women
CVD
cardiovascular disease - heart disease and high BP
42
Atherosclerotic lesions in peripheral arterial or venous blood vessels
pain, cramping - can be brought on by exercise
Peripheral vascular disease
43
Exercise has been shown to improve _ the system responsible for dissolving blood clots
Fibrinolytic activity
44
Triglycerides
Normal
Borderline high
High
Very high
Less than 150
150-199
200-499
Greater than 500
45
ACE PTs can work with clients with health challenges only after
They have been cleared by there personal physicians
46
Cholesterol minus HDL
Or
The sum of: LDL, VLDL and IDL
Non-HDL
47
youth exercise per day :
time
intensity
type
60 minutes
moderate to vigorous activity
strength training and aerobic
48
LDL 130-159
Borderline high
49
Exercise selections for clients _
Endurance exercise
Weights- low resistance, high reps
Balance exercise
Low to moderate intensity
30-60 min
5 days/ week
Older adults
50
Elevated waist circumference
Elevated triglycerides
Reduced HDL
Elevated BP
Elevated fasting glucose
3 or more of the above =
Metabolic syndrome
51
Exercise should be discontinued if:
SBP reaches
DBP reaches
250
115
52
Guidelines for_
Lift knee no higher than 90 degrees
Keep toes straight
No adduction past midline
Focus on lateral movement
Clients with hip replacement
53
HDL inversely correlated with
CAD -
higher HDL = lower risk of CAD
54
BMI down not distinguish between _ and. _
Fat and muscle
55
_ is long lasting pain and tenderness at specific points of the body
Symptoms include- fatigue and sleep disturbances
Does NOT cause inflammation
Impairs joints and causes chronic pain
Fibromyalgia
56
prolonged exercise is the supine position can increase risk of _
fetal hypoxia
brain injury due to lack of oxygen to the brain
57
Elevated BP
Elevated fasting glucose
130/85 or greater
100 or greater
58
_ contains 20-30% of bodies total cholesterol
Produced in intestines and liver
HDL
59
Exercise guidelines for clients with _
Perform 55-75% functional capacity
Avoid long duration and high intensity
Strength training
Type 1 diabetes
60
Exercise for type 2 diabetes can improve
Lipid profiles
Prevention of CAD
61
Ventilation of large quantities of dry, cold air that contain allergies or pollutants
Symptoms peak_
EIA
Exercises induced asthma
5-10 minutes after exercise stops
62
Clients with _ or more lifer style disease should follow a _ intensity program
1 or more
Moderate intensity
63
HDL
Low
High
Less than 40
High 60 or greater
64
People with asthma respond better to exercise
Mid to late morning
65
_ carries 60-70% of the bodies total serum cholesterol
LDL
66
measurements such as:
```
vital signs
height
weight
age
posture
nutrition log info
exercise test results
```
SOAP:
objective
67
Physician supervised Maximal graded exercise test required for
All clients with CAD
68
exercise selection for _
activities that use large muscle groups
muscle and bone strengthening exercise
incorporate low, moderate and vigorous intensity
60 minutes/day or more
exercise for youth
69
Chronically elevated blood glucose levels =
Hyperglycemia
70
Exercise for type 1 diabetes can improve
Insulin receptor sensitivity
71
Excessive thirst
Hunger
Frequent urination
Weight loss
Symptoms of type 1 diabetes
72
High BP
Smoking
Heart disease
Inactivity
TIA
Risk factors for
stroke
73
Cline should not exercise within _ of chemotherapy or radiation therapy
2 hours
74
Cardio respiratory, resistance training and core exercises are primary components for clients with _
```
Avoid:
Forward flexion
Twisting with turned feet
Rapid movement
Lifting both legs when prone or supine
```
Low back pain
75
Thea are symptoms of _
```
Aches and pains
Tender points
Stiffness
Decreased endurance
Fatigue
Muscle spasms
Parathesis - numbness or tingling
```
Fibromyalgia
76
Reduced HDL - sign of MetS
MEN
WOMEN
MEN = less than 40
WOMEN = less than 50
77
Manifestations of atherosclerosis include:
Angina
Heart attack
Stroke
Claudication
78
Diseases or disorders in addition to a primary disease or disorder
Comorbidities
79
Most rapidly growing age group in America
85 years and older
80
Exercise recommendations for clients recovering from _
Balance
Light resistance training
Light to moderate intensity
Build to 30 minutes
5 days / week
Clients recovering from a stroke
81
Primary objective when treating MetS: 2
Reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease
Type 2 diabetes
82
_% reduction in BMR btwn early adulthood and retirement age
10%
83
Chronic systemic inflammatory disease
Joint pain, swelling, stiffness
Rheumatoid arthritis
84
Peripheral vascular disease - most prominent risk factors -2
Smoking and diabetes
85
Beta blockers and channel blockers can cause
Orthostatic hypotension
86
Momentary reductions in oxygen delivery to the brain
TIA
Transient ischemic attacks
87
Prolonged _ can lessen chances of EIA
Warm up and cool down periods
88
SOAP note
used for:
subjective
objective
assessment
plan
documenting patient's progress
89
Brisk walking 3-5 hours / week will decrease cancer relapse by_%
50%
90
_ carries 10-15% of bodies total cholesterol
Major carrier of_
VLDL
Very low density lipoprotein
Triglycerides
91
_ is when cells do not use insulin properly
90-95% of all cases
Insulin resistance AND impaired insulin production
75% people are obese
Type 2 diabetes
92
body temperature in pregnant woman should not exceed _
100 degrees
take temp immediately after exercise
93
Physical activity can protect active people from some cancers including: 3
Colon
Prostate
Breast
94
Triglycerides associated with low levels of _ and high levels of _
HDL
LDL
95
McGill's lower back health guidelines:
Perform low back exercises _
Combine cardio exercise with _
Do not perform full range spine motion _
Low back exercises should emphasize _
Daily
Low back exercises
After rising from bed
Endurance- high reps
96
atherosclerosis:
hardening and narrowing of arteries causing blocked arteries and putting blood flow at risk
97
```
Angina
Dyspnea- SOB
Dizziness
Pallor -
Rapid HR
```
Exercise termination signs
98
Primary prevention of obesity starts with
Maintenance of current weight not weight reduction
99
BMI =
Weight (kg) / height squared (m)
100
Thrombocytopenia
Clients are at increased risk for_
Low platelet counts
Bruising and bleeding
101
_ is a good training option for hypertensive clients
_ exercise should be avoided
Circuit training
Isometric exercise
102
_ excreted in the urine leads to thirst, reduces appetite and weight loss
Excess glucose
103
7%
Glucose intolerance occurs during pregnancy
Gestational diabetes
104
Primary goals for exercise with arthritis patients: 2
Lower CAD risk
Improve ROM in affected joints
105
Degenerative joint disease, leads to deterioration of cartilage and development of bone spurs at the edge of joints
Often caused by trauma or obesity
Osteoarthritis
106
Exercise guidelines for clients with _
1:3 ratio - rest 3 minutes for each minute of exercise
Goal is to develop a regular pattern of activity
Begin with 2 to 5 minute sessions followed by 6-15 minute rest breaks
Chronic fatigue syndrome
107
Exercise selections for clients with _
Weight bearing exercise
8-RM
Multiple bouts of bone loading
Clients with osteoporosis
108
Clients with _ need to avoid:
```
Spinal flexion
Jumping
Step aerobics
Adduction and abduction legs against resistance
Pulling on neck with hands behind head
```
Clients with osteoporosis- spinal and other fractures
109
PVD grade_
excruciating, unbearable pain
grade 4
110
Maintaining and improving cardiovascular condition, preventing musculoskeletal deterioration, reducing nausea and fatigue... is the goal of exercise use in the treatment of _
Cancer
111
Daily routine for low back health: 4
Cat-camel
Modified curl up
Birddog
Side bridge
112
Overweight and obese should accumulate btwn _ and _ minutes of moderate intensity exercise per week
150-225
113
Total cholesterol
Desirable
Borderline high
High
Less than 200
200-239
240 or greater
114
Chronic back pain lasts more than
3 months
115
Guideline for clients with _
Avoid forward head positions
Always bend at knees
Do not work through the pain
Clients with low back pain
116
Exercise for clients with _
Low impact endurance exercise PRIMARY mode
Low resistance, high rep strength training
Low intensity - 40-65% of HR
40-60 minutes
4-7 days week
Hypertensive clients
117
PVD grade_
intense pain from which client's attention cannot be diverted
grade 3
118
Hypertension
Prehypertension
SBP greater than 140
DBP greater than 90
SBP 120-139
DBP 80-89
119
LDL
Less than 100
Optimal
120
Disease characterized by narrowing of the coronary arteries that supply the heat muscle with blood and oxygen
Coronary artery disease CAD is also called atherosclerotic heart disease
121
Rheumatoid class_
Limited ability in self care and vocational activities
Class 4
122
_ develops when the body's immune system destroys pancreatic beta cells that produce insulin
Occurs most frequently in children and young adults
5-10% adult cases
Type 1 diabetes
Insulin dependent diabetes
123
children at risk for heat - related illness due to: 4
*at risk more than adults
higher ration of body surface area to mass
lower exercise economy
diminished sweat capacity
lower cardiac output at similar workload
124
Elevated waist circumference MEN, WOMEN
Elevated triglycerides
WAIST men 40 in or greater
WAIST women 35 IN OR GREATER
TRIGLYCERIDES = 150 OR GREATER
125
client's status report
symptoms
challenges with program
progress made
SOAP:
subjective
126
Drop in blood pressure associated with rising to an upright position
Orthostatic hypotension
127
blood lipid profiles lowered with decreases in_
2 examples
body fat
exercise and dietary changes
128
Weight stability =
Clinically significant weight change =
3% change in weight
5 % or more
129
highest correlation to CVD: 2
high LDL and total cholesterol
130
next steps of program based on the assessment
SOAP:
Plan
131
Rheumatoid class _
Able to perform self care and vocational activities but limited in avocational activities
Class 2
132
Weight bearing exercises are recommended for clients with osteoporosis b/c:
Gains in bone mass and strength are easily induced via impact with the ground
133
It's recommended obese individuals accumulate _ minutes of physical activity per week
200-300 minutes
134
trainer must obtain _ when training youth
rest time btwn exercise
medical clearance
1-2 minutes
135
_ exercises for children and adolescents
```
hopscotch
hopping, skipping, jumping
jumping rope
runnung
sports
```
bone strengthening
136
Exercise session should be delayed if pre-exercise glucose level is below _
Or if it's 250 with presence of_
100 - ingest additional carbohydrates
Ketosis
137
pregnant women better able to dissipate heat due to: 2
increased blood flow to the skin
increased tidal volume
138
COG moves _ with pregnancy
women are more _ during pregnancy due to hormone related joint laxity
upward and out
flexible
139
Fasting plasma glucose of _ indicates diabetes
Fasting plasma glucose of 100-125 indicates _
126 or greater
Prediabetes
140
Bone density between 1.0 and 2.5 below the mean
Precursor for osteoporosis
Osteopenia
141
Aerobic exercise and strength training make greatest contribution to weight management when calories do NOT go below
1200 / day
142
Exercise selections for clients with _
Weight bearing exercise - due to increase risk of osteoporosis
Focus on duration rather than intensity
Build to 30-40 min
Daily
Clients with cancer
143
PVD grade_
moderate discomfort from which clients attention can be diverted by conversation
grade 2
144
LDL100-129
Near/above optimal
145
Incapacitating fatigue lasting 3-6 months
Female to male ratio
Co-exists with depress
Chronic fatigue syndrome
4:1
146
Rupture of vulnerable plaques and the release of blood clotting substances can lead to
Myocardial infarction
147
major carrier of the triglyceride
associated with: 2
VLDL = very low density lipoprotein
low levels of HDL and high levels of LDL
148
Clients with neutropenia should avoid
Public gyms and work out at home
| Low white blood cell counts
149
BMI overweight
BMI obese
25-29.9
30 or greater
150
Give glory to GOD
You can do this through His strength
Live for the benefit of others
Thank you GOD
151
swimming is the primary mode of exercise for _
upper body resistance training is NOT RECOMMENDED
asthma
152
“An RPE of 11 to 16 (6 to 20 scale) is the preferred exercise intensity.” With which condition is this client MOST likely coping?
Type 2 diabetes
153
One of the means of objectively assessing the success of a mind-body exercise program is to record baseline
baseline and serial blood pressure measurements
154
An older adult client who is interested in trying mind-body exercise has decided that tai chi might be the best fit for her needs and abilities. Which form of tai chi would you recommend?
sun style
155
Which form of tai chi is the most practiced in the West today?
Yang style
