Chapter 14 Flashcards
(31 cards)
interest group
A collection of people or organizations that tries to influence public policy.
An interest group gather together to get their views out.
American Anti-Slavery Society
A major interest group, founded in 1833, to advocate for the abolition or the institution of slavery throughout the United States.
The American Anti-Slavery Society worked together to influence the public to abolish slavery.
Woman’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU)
A public interest group created in 1874 with the goal of outlawing the sale of liquor. Its activities included prayer groups, protest marches, lobbying, and the destruction of saloons.
The Women’s Christian Temperance Union saw liquor as a negative thing in society.
The Grange
Founded in 1867 as an educational organization for farmers. The Grange evolved into the first truly national interest group by working to protect the political and economic concern of farming communities and rural areas.
The Grange was made to benefit farmers.
lobbyist
Interest group representative who seeks to influence legislation that will benefit his or her organization or client through political and/or financial persuasion.
Lobbyist are sent out to convince others of their organization.
Progressive movement
A broad group of political and social activists from the 1890s to the 1920s who opposed corruption in government, supported regulation of monopolies, and sought improvement of socioeconomic conditions.
The Progressive Movement was to fix the problems that were going on.
public interest groups
An organization that seeks a collective good that if achieved will not selectively and materially benefit group members.
Public interest groups were organized to benefit the public.
American Federation of Labor (AFL)
Founded in 1886, the AFL brought skilled workers from several trades together into one stronger national organization for the first time. It merged in 1955 with the Congress of Industrial Organizations to form the AFL-CIO.
The American Federation of Labor was an organization that was for workers.
National Association of Manufacturers (NAM)
An organization founded in 1895 by manufactures to combat the growth of organized labor.
The National Association of Manufacturers was for those who have lost business.
U.S. Chamber of Commerce
A major pro-business lobbying group founded in 1912.
The U.S. Chamber of Commerce was in favor of businesses.
trade association
A group that represents a specific industry.
Different industries have a trade association.
Jerry Falwell
A Southern Baptist minister who, in 1978, founded the conservative religious interest group the Moral Majority.
Jerry Falwell founded a major interest group.
Moral Majority
A conservative religious interest group credited with helping to mobilize conservatives Evangelical Christian voters from its founding in 1978 through the presidency if Ronald Reagan (1981-1989).
The Moral Majority wanted to make laws that were influenced by religion.
Pat Robertson
A Southern Baptist minister and television evangelist who ran for president in 1988 and i 1989 founded the conservative religious interest group the Christian Coalition.
After the Moral Majority was dissolved Pat Robertson tried to make another interest group.
Christian Coalition
A religious interest group founded in 1989 to advance conservative Christian principles and traditional values in American politics.
The Christian Coalition used the advantage of their growth and used it the most during election periods.
National Rifle Association (NRA)
The major gun-rights lobbying group in the United States, which opposes gun control and advances an expansive interpretation of the Second Amendment.
The National Rifle Association is another conservative group.
AFL-CIO
A large labor union founded in 1955 by the merging of the American Federation of Labor (AFL) and its one-time rival the Congress of Industrial Organization.
The AFL-CIO is a union that focus on concerns from members.
social capital
Cooperative relationships that facilitate the resolution of collective problems.
People involved in social capital tend to be more engaged.
civic virtue
The tendency to form small-scale associations for the public good.
Civic virtue leads room for improvements.
pluralist theory
The theory that political power is distributed among a wide array of diverse and competing interest groups.
Pluralist theory focuses on how power is distributed.
disturbance theory
The theory that interest groups form as a result of changes in the political system.
The disturbance theory is formed by a group that has a different perspective than another group.
transactions theory
The theory that public policies are the result of narrowly defined exchanges or transactions among political actors.
The transaction theory came from people seeing problems with the pluralist theory.
collective good
Something of value that cannot be withheld from a nonmember of a group, for example, a tax write-off or a better environment.
Collective good is not joining a group but still getting the same benefits as someone in the group would.
economic interest group
A group with the primary purpose of promoting the financial interests of its members.
Economic interest groups focus is to gain profit and to benefits for their members, so they have their members as priority.
