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Minor Surgery > Chapter 14 > Flashcards

Chapter 14 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a continuous tubelike structure that extends the entire length of the trunk?

A

GI tract or alimentary canal

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2
Q

What does the GI tract include?

A

The mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine

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3
Q

What does the small intestine include?

A

duodenum, jejunum, and ileum

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4
Q

What does the large intestine consist of?

A

Cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, defending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, and anus

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5
Q

What begins at C6 and passes through the neck posterior to the trachea?

A

The esophagus

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6
Q

What consist of an arrangement of muscles, fascial layers, and muscular aponeuroses lined interiorly by peritoneum and exteriorly by skin?

A

The anterolateral abdominal wall

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7
Q

What is formed by the external oblique aponeurosis, and the floor is formed by the transversals aponeurosis and fasciae?

A

The roof of the inguinal canal

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8
Q

What are the muscles, ligaments, and fascia of the inguinal and femoral (groin) region are more complex than?

A

The central and upper abdomen.

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9
Q

What is another name for the Iliac region?

A

The inguinal region

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10
Q

What is a strong serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity?

A

The abdominal peritoneum

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11
Q

What protects the viscera in the abdomen and secrets serous fluid that lubricates the viscera, allowing them to slide over each other easily?

A

Peritoneum

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12
Q

What is a tough fibrous tissue layer between the peritoneum and muscle layers?

A

Fascia

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13
Q

What are the four major sections of the abdomen divides into?

A

Quadrants

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14
Q

What lies directly under the skin? What is is composed of?

A

The subcutaneous layer. Lobulated adipose

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15
Q

What do the walls of the stomach contain?

A

Outer serosa, two inner layers of smooth (involuntary) muscles, and a submucosa lining

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16
Q

What is approximately 9 feet long and connects to the ileum, which is approximately 13.5 feet long?

A

Jejunum

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17
Q

What supplies blood and lymph to the lower sections of the small intestine?

A

A sheet of vascular tissue called the mesentery

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18
Q

What contains the deep gastric vessels laterally, inguinal ligament inferiorly, and rectus abdomens muscle medially?

A

The boundaries of the Hesselbach triangle

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19
Q

What is the distal portion of the sternum?

A

The xiphiod process

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20
Q

What is found medially where abdominal aponeuroses join?

A

The linea alba

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21
Q

What is the name of the long, vertical, traplike muscle of the abdominal wall?

A

The rectus abdominis

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22
Q

What is another name for the alimentary canal?

A

The digestive tract

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23
Q

What is the inner layer of the digestive tract called?

A

Mucosa

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24
Q

Parasympathetic intervention to the stomach is provided by the?

A

Vagus nerve

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25
What are the three portions of the small intestine?
Duodenum, ileim, and jejunum
26
What is attached to the cecum?
The appendix
27
What is the function of the omenta?
To limit peritoneal infection
28
What is the outer layer of the digestive tract called?
Serosa
29
What is the function of the colon?
To produce vitamin K
30
What term means difficulty swallowing?
Dysphagia
31
What term refers to a mixture of partially digested foods?
Chyme
32
What is known as the abdominal peritoneum?
Serous membrane
33
What is a tough fibrous tissue layer between the peritoneum and muscle layers?
Fascia
34
What is congenital weakness in the inguinal floor called?
Indirect inguinal hernia
35
What contains an outer serosa, two inner layers of smooth (involuntary) muscles, and a submucosa lining?
The wall of the stomach
36
Pertaining to the outer wall of a cavity or organ?
Parietal
37
To make an incision or cut into
Lysis
38
Constriction or narrowing of an opening
Stenosis
39
The liquid products of digestion taken up by the small intestine
Chyle
40
Localized tissue death
Necrosis
41
Semifluid contents of the stomach present during digestion of a meal
Chyme
42
Abnormal intraperitoneal accumulation of fluid containing large amounts of protein and electrolytes
Ascites
43
To form a new opening
-ostomy
44
Condition involving the ability to stand
-stasis
45
To make an incision or cut into
-otomy
46
Contraction of smooth muscle; wavelike motion
Peristalsis
47
These organs share many similarities. All three are solid organs and very vascular.
Liver, pancreases, spleen
48
What is a fixed structure laying transversely behind the stomach in the upper abdomen?
The pancreas
49
The head of the pancreas is fixed to the curve of the ____.
Duodenum
50
What is approximately 8 to 10 inches long and receives chyme?
The duodenum
51
What two structures from the liver drain their contents into this section of the intestine?
The pancreatic duct and the common bile duct
52
What tissue changes with development of the individual, hormone changes, pregnancy status, and nutrition state?
The breast tissue
53
What is a large, vascular organ that aids in digestion and filtration of toxic substances from the body?
The liver
54
The liver is divided into two major sections or lobes; the right and the left, which are separated by the?
Falciform ligament
55
What terminates at the sphincter of Oddi?
The biliary tract
56
What is the function of the liver?
To produce bile
57
What is the single largest mass of lymphatic tissue in the body?
The spleen
58
What is found in the upper right abdominal quadrant?
The gallbladder
59
What has both exocrine and endocrine functions?
The pancreas
60
What is the largest parenchymal organ in the abdominal cavity?
The liver
61
What are responsible for the production of insulin?
The beta cells of the islets of Langerhans
62
What are the flow of food and liquids from the stomach to small intestine controlled by?
The pyloric sphincter
63
What are sections of the small bowel suspended from the abdominal wall by a sheet of vascular tissue called the mesentery?
The jejunum and the ileum
64
What is the firm connective tissue that covers and protects the livers surface?
The Glissons capsule
65
What vein is transverse to the liver?
The portal vein
66
What are the two major blood vessels that supply the spleen?
The splenic vein and splenic artery
67
What contains lymphocytes and macrophages?
The white pulp in the spleen
68
What contains haustra?
The transverse colon
69
What is a common place for cystic calculi?
The Hartmans pouch
70
Whats another name for the greater omentum?
Fatty apron
71
Where does the appendix derive its blood supply from?
The appendiceal artery in the mesoappendix
72
What extend from the second to sixth rib horizontally and from the lateral edge of the sternum to the anterior axillary line?
The breast
73
Who needs further medical treatment may opt to have an implanted venous access port placed under the skin in either the chest, the abdomen, or the upper arm?
A breast cancer patient
74
What has a soft, pliable plastic catheter that is threaded into the subclavian vein or right atrium by way of the subclavian or internal jugular vein under x-ray?
The port (Talias port system)

Minor Surgery (7 decks)

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