Chapter 14 - Nonferrous Alloys

Question 1

Blister copper

Answer 1

An impure form of copper obtained during the copper refining process

Question 2

Brass

Answer 2

A group of copper-based alloys, normally containing zinc as the major alloying element

Question 3

Bronze

Answer 3

Generally, copper alloys containing tin, but can contain other elements

Question 4

Castability

Answer 4

The ease with which a metal can be poured into a mold to make a casting without producing
defects or requiring unusual or expensive techniques to prevent casting problems.

Question 5

Fluidity

Answer 5

The ability of liquid metal to fill a mold cavity without prematurely freezing

Question 6

Monel

Answer 6

The copper-nickel alloy, containing approximately 60% Ni, that gives the maximum strength
in the binary alloy system.

Question 7

Nonferrous alloy

Answer 7

An alloy based on some metal other than iron

Question 8

Refractory metals

Answer 8

Metals having a melting temperature above 1925°C

Question 9

Specific strength

Answer 9

The ratio of strength to density. Also called the strength-to-weight ratio

Question 10

Superalloys

Answer 10

A group of nickel, iron-nickel, and cobalt-based alloys that have exceptional heat
resistance, creep resistance, and corrosion resistance.

Question 11

Temper designation

Answer 11

A shorthand notation using letters and numbers to describe the processing
of an alloy. H tempers refer to cold-worked alloys; T tempers refer to age-hardening treatments

Question 12

Wrought alloys

Answer 12

Alloys that are shaped by a deformation process

Question 13

Aluminum has a density of

Answer 13

1/3 of steel

Question 14

Although aluminum alloys have lower tensile properties than steel their specific strength (or strength-to-weight ratio) is…

Answer 14

excellent.

Question 15

Aluminum can be formed

____

Answer 15

easily

Question 16

Aluminum has (3 points)

Answer 16

high thermal and electrical conductivity, and does not show a ductile-to-brittle
transition at low temperatures

Question 17

Aluminum is It is ________ and can be recycled with only about __ of the energy that was needed to make it from alumina

Answer 17

nontoxic, 5%

Question 18

Aluminum’s beneficial physical properties incluse (3 points)

Answer 18

include its nonferromagnetic

behavior and resistance to oxidation and corrosion

Question 19

Aluminum does not

display a true _______ ___

Answer 19

endurance limit,

Question 20

aluminum has a _____ melting temp

Answer 20

low

Question 21

Aluminum alloys can be divided into two major groups

Answer 21

wrought

and casting alloys

Question 22

Within each major group of aluminum, we can divide the alloys into two subgroups:

Answer 22

heat-treatable and

non heat-treatable alloys

Question 23

The degree of strengthening is given by the

Answer 23

temper designation T or H

Question 24

temper designation T means

Answer 24

heat treated

Question 25

temper designation H means

Answer 25

strain hardened

Question 26

The numbers following the T or H indicate the amount of _____ ______

Answer 26

strain hardening

Question 27

The 1xxx, 3xxx, 5xxx, and most of the 4xxx wrought alloys | are

Answer 27

not age hardenable

Question 28

The 1xxx and 3xxx alloys are

Answer 28

single-phase alloys

Question 29

The 1xxx and 3xxx properties are controlled (3 points)

Answer 29

strain hardening, solid-solution strengthening, and grain-size control.

Question 30

Because the solubilities of the alloying elements in aluminum are small at room temperature, the degree of ____ _____ _____ ___ _____

Answer 30

solid-solution strengthening is limited

Question 31

The aluminum-magnesium | alloys are strengthened by a fine dispersion of Mg2Al3, as well as by (3 points)

Answer 31

strain hardening, | solid-solution strengthening, and grain-size control.

Question 32

Because Mg2Al3 is not coherent

Answer 32

agehardening | treatments are not possible.

Question 33

Alloys that contain both silicon and magnesium | can be

Answer 33

age hardened

Question 34

Many of the common aluminum casting alloys contain enough silicon to cause

Answer 34

the eutectic reaction

Question 35

The the eutectic reaction gives the alloys (3 points)

Answer 35

low melting | points, good fluidity, and good castability.

Question 36

The properties of the aluminum-silicon alloys are controlled (3 points)

Answer 36

solid-solution strengthening of the  aluminum matrix, dispersion strengthening by the  phase, and solidification, which controls the primary grain size and shape as well as the nature of the eutectic microconstituent.

Question 37

Fast cooling obtained in die casting or permanent mold casting (Chapter 9) increases strength by..... (2 points)

Answer 37

by refining grain size and the eutectic microconstituent

Question 38

Magnesium has a ___ structure

Answer 38

HCP

Question 39

Magnesium is ____ ____ than aluminum

Answer 39

less ductile

Question 40

alloying | increases the number of

Answer 40

active slip planes

Question 41

Some deformation and strain hardening can be accomplished at room temperature, and the alloys can be readily deformed at elevated temperatures. (Aluminum, magnesium, Beryllium, copper, nickel, or cobalt?)

Answer 41

magnesium

Question 42

the solubility of alloying elements in magnesium at room | temperature is ________

Answer 42

limited

Question 43

the solubility of alloying elements in magnesium at room | temperature is limited, this means

Answer 43

only a small degree of solid-solution strengthening.

Question 44

magnesium alloys may be strengthened by either (2 points)

Answer 44

dispersion | strengthening or age hardening

Question 45

Beryllium is _____ than aluminum

Answer 45

lighter

Question 46

Beryllium is _____ than steel

Answer 46

stiffer

Question 47

Beryllium (4 points)

Answer 47

is | expensive, brittle, reactive, and toxic

Question 48

Copper-based alloys have _____ densities than steels

Answer 48

higher

Question 49

yield strength | of some Copper-based alloys is ____,

Answer 49

high

Question 50

Copper-based alloys specific strength is typically less than that of ______ or _________ alloys.

Answer 50

aluminum, magnesium

Question 51

Copper-based alloys have better (3 points) than the | lightweight aluminum and magnesium alloys

Answer 51

resistance to fatigue, creep, and wear

Question 52

The wide variety of _____-_____ alloys takes advantage of all of the strengthening mechanisms

Answer 52

Copper-based alloys

Question 53

Copper containing less than 0.1% impurities is used for (2 points)

Answer 53

electrical and microelectronics | applications.

Question 54

The single-phase copper alloys are strengthened | by ____ _____

Answer 54

cold working

Question 55

copper has excellent | 2 points

Answer 55

ductility and a high strain-hardening coefficient.

Question 56

The “light metals” include low-density alloys based (3)

Answer 56

aluminum, magnesium, and | beryllium.

Question 57

Aluminum alloys have a ___ specific strength due to their ___ density and, as a result, find many aerospace applications.

Answer 57

high, low

Question 58

Excellent corrosion resistance and electrical | conductivity of ________ also provide for a vast number of applications.

Answer 58

aluminum

Question 59

______ and _______ are limited to use at low temperatures because of the loss of their mechanical properties as a result of overaging or recrystallization.

Answer 59

Aluminum and magnesium

Question 60

_________ alloys have intermediate densities and temperature resistance, along with excellent corrosion resistance, leading to applications in aerospace, chemical processing, and biomedical devices.

Answer 60

Titanium

Question 61

______ and ______ alloys, including superalloys, provide good properties at even higher temperatures.

Answer 61

Nickel and cobalt

Question 62

Combined with their good corrosion resistance, these alloys find many applications in aircraft engines and chemical processing equipment. what are these?

Answer 62

Nickel and cobalt alloys

Question 63

Superalloys retain (2)

Answer 63

Retain properties to much higher temperatures | –Retain corrosion resistance at high temperature

Question 64

Refractory metals have the ___ crystal structure and display a ductile-to-brittle transition temperature.

Answer 64

BCC