Chapter 14: Personality

Question 1

Nomotheic

Answer 1

Understanding personality by identifying general laws that govern behaviour

Question 2

Idiographic

Answer 2

Understand personality by identifying unique configuration of characteristics and experiences

Question 3

What is the conscious

Answer 3

Experiences we are aware of at any given moment

Question 4

What is the preconscious?

Answer 4

Contains experiences that are not, but can become, conscious

Question 5

What is the unconscious?

Answer 5

Experiences that are beyond the realm of awareness

Question 6

What does the Id control?

Answer 6

Basic impulses and the pleasure principle

Question 7

What does the Ego do?

Answer 7

Mediated the id and the ego, seeking to satisfy needs in a realistic way

Question 8

What does the Superego control?

Answer 8

Ideals and morals

Question 9

What level is the Id in?

Answer 9

Unconscious

Question 10

What level is the Ego in?

Answer 10

Conscious

Question 11

What level is the Superego in?

Answer 11

Preconscious

Question 12

What is Stage 1 of Freud’s Psychosexual Stages?

Answer 12

Oral

Question 13

What is Stage 2 of Freud’s Psychosexual Stages?

Answer 13

Anal

Question 14

What is Stage 3 of Freud’s Psychosexual Stages?

Answer 14

Phallic

Question 15

What is Stage 4 of Freud’s Psychosexual Stages?

Answer 15

Latency

Question 16

What is Stage 5 of Freud’s Psychosexual Stages?

Answer 16

Genital

Question 17

Who governs Individual Psychology?

Answer 17

Alfred Adler

Question 18

Adler stated that…

Answer 18

people are motivated by feelings of inferiority

Question 19

Who governs Analytical Psychology?

Answer 19

Carl Jung

Question 20

Jung believed that…

Answer 20

People are motivated to attain self-realization or perfection

Question 21

Collective Unconscious

Answer 21

A shared storehouse of primitive ideas and images

Question 22

Who governs Behavioural Analysis?

Answer 22

B.F. Skinner

Question 23

Skinner argued that personalit is acquired through…

Answer 23

experiences with reinforcement, natural selection, and cultural evolution

Question 24

Who are the two major people in the Humanistic Approach?

Answer 24

Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow

Question 25

Who created the hierarchy of needs?

Answer 25

Maslow

Question 26

What are Carl Roger's 3 basic assumptions about behaviour?

Answer 26

1. it is goal directed 2. people have the potential for growth 3. how individuals see the world determines how they behave

Question 27

In order to be a fully functioning person you must receive... (Rogers)

Answer 27

Empathy, unconditional positive regard, and congruence

Question 28

Self-Efficacy

Answer 28

a person's belief in themselves to properly execute a specific behaviour

Question 29

Who governs self-efficacy

Answer 29

Albert Bandura

Question 30

What does OCEAN stands for?

Answer 30

Openness to experience Consciousness-undirectness Extraversion-introversion Agreeableness-antagonism Neuroticism-stability