Chapter 14 Pt 1

Question 1

True-breeding strains

Answer 1

Only produced the same trait as the parent plant for many generations
-always homozygous

Question 2

Phenotype

Answer 2

An observable trait (flower color)

F1 progeny all display the phenotype of one parent
-the dominant phenotype

Question 3

Mendel’s law of segregation

Answer 3

The two alleles for a given trait separate randomly so that each gamete has an equal chance of receiving one or the other

Question 4

When does the segregation of alleles occur?

Answer 4

When homologs separate at anaphase 1 of meiosis

Question 5

Genotype

Answer 5

The alleles carried by an individual

-determines their phenotype

Question 6

Homozygous

Answer 6

Having two of the same alleles for a given gene

Question 7

Heterozygous

Answer 7

Having two different alleles for a given gene

Question 8

Upper case and lower case

Answer 8

Upper- dominant

Lower- recessive

Question 9

Monohybrids

Answer 9

Organisms that are heterozygous for the single gene of interest

Question 10

What did Mendel use?

Answer 10

True-breeding strains in his genetic crosses

Question 11

Dominant allele

Answer 11

Determines the organisms phenotype in a heterozygote

Question 12

Recessive allele

Answer 12

Has no noticeable effect on the organisms appearance in heterozygote

Question 13

Dihybrid cross

Answer 13

A cross between two different lines that differ in two observed traits

• 4 different phenotypic combinations
• 9:3:3:1 phenotypic ratio

Question 14

Law of independent assortment

Answer 14

Each pair of alleles segregated independently of other pairs of alleles during gamers formation