Chapter 14.1 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter 14.1 Deck (9)
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1
Q

What is a karyotype?

A

shows the complete diploid set of chromosomes grouped together in pairs, arranged in order of decreasing size

2
Q

What patterns of inheritance do human traits follow?

A

Human traits can follow:

1) complete dominance (dominant phenotype expressed)
2) incomplete dominance (blending of dominant and recessive phenotypes)
3) codominance (both dominant phenotypes expressed)
4) sex-linkage (gene located on 23rd pair of sex chromomes: X or Y)

3
Q

How can pedigrees be used to analyze human inheritance?

A

makes it possible to determine the nature of genes and alleles associated with inherited human traits

4
Q

Genome

A

a full set of genetic information that an organism carries in its DNA

5
Q

Karyotype

A

a picture depicting all 46 chromosomes grouped with their pairs arranged in order of decreasing size

6
Q

Sex Chromosomes

A

the 23rd pair of chromosomes that determine an organisms gender. Females (XX) Males (XY)

7
Q

Autosomes

A

the 44 chromomes (all except for sex chromsomes).

8
Q

Sex-linked Gene

A

A gene found on one of the sex chromosomes

9
Q

Pedigree

A

shows the presence or absence of a trait (phenotype) according to the relationships between parents, siblings, and offspring (family)