chapter 15

Question 1

Multi-celled heterotrophs that ingest food and move about

Answer 1

animals

Question 2

colonial theory of animal origins

Answer 2

animals evolved from colonial protist

Question 3

invertebrate

Answer 3

no back bone

Question 4

vertbrate

Answer 4

with back bone

Question 5

bilateral symmetry

Answer 5

having right and left halves with similar parts, and a front and back that differ

Question 6

having parts arranged around a central axis, like spokes around a wheel

Answer 6

radial symmetry

Question 7

a body cavity completely lined by tissue derived from mesoderm

Answer 7

coelom

Question 8

complete digestive tract

Answer 8

tubular gut

Question 9

gastrovascular cavity

Answer 9

sac-like gut

Question 10

tissue

Answer 10

one or more cells organized in a specific pattern and that carry out a particular task

Question 11

aquatic animals with hollow, asymmetrical body

Answer 11

Sponges

Question 12

aquatic, radially symmetrical animals with stinging tentacles

Answer 12

Cnidarians

Question 13

hermaphrodite

Answer 13

an individual that produces both eggs and sperm

Question 14

larva

Answer 14

free living, sexually immature form in an animal life cycle

Question 15

like a sea anemone, is tubular, and one end usually attaches to a surface

Answer 15

polyp

Question 16

flat bodied and do not have a body cavity

Answer 16

flat worms

Question 17

segmented worms with a coelom, a complete digestive system and a closed circulatory system

Answer 17

annelids

Question 18

has a small coelom and a soft, unsegmented body

Answer 18

mullusk

Question 19

bivalve

Answer 19

mollusk with a hinged two-part shell

Question 20

predatory mollusk with a closed circulatory system; moves about by jet propulsion

Answer 20

cephalopod

Question 21

radula

Answer 21

tonguelike organ of many mollusk

Question 22

of some arthropods, sensory structure on the head that detects touch and odors

Answer 22

antenna

Question 23

invertebrate with jointed legs and a hardened exoskeleton that is periodically molted

Answer 23

arthropod

Question 24

compound eye

Answer 24

eye that consist of many individual units, each with its own lens

Question 25

exoskelton

Answer 25

external skeleton

Question 26

metamorphosis

Answer 26

dramatic remodeling of body form during the transition from larva to adult

Question 27

unsegmented worm with a pseudocoelom and a cuticle that is molted as the animal grows

Answer 27

roundworm

Question 28

land-dwelling arthropods with four pairs of walking legs and no antennae

Answer 28

arachnids

Question 29

mostly marine arthropods with two pairs of antennae

Answer 29

crustaceans

Question 30

land-dwelling arthopods with a pair of antennae. three pairs of legs and --in the most diverse groups-- wings

Answer 30

insects

Question 31

animal phylum characterized by a notochord, dorsal nerve cord, pharyngeal gill slits, and a tail that extends beyond the anum

Answer 31

chordates

Question 32

invertebrate chordates that have a fishlike shape and retain their defining chordate traits into adult hood

Answer 32

lancelets

Question 33

stiff rod of connective tissue that runs the length of the body in chordate larvae or embryos

Answer 33

notochord

Question 34

invertebrate chordates that loose their defining chordate traits during the transition to adulthood

Answer 34

tunicates

Question 35

of echinoderms, a system of fluid-filled tubes and tube feet that function in locomotion

Answer 35

water-vascular system

Question 36

cartilaginous fish

Answer 36

fish that has jaws, paired fins and a skeleton made of cartilage

Question 37

aquatic vertebrate of the oldest and most diverse vertebrate group

Answer 37

fish

Question 38

fish that has a skeleton of cartilage, but no jaws or paired fins

Answer 38

jawless fish

Question 39

Kidney

Answer 39

Organ of the vertebrate urinary system that filters blood adjust it's composition

Question 40

Saclike organ inside which blood exchanges gases with the air

Answer 40

Lung

Question 41

Hard, flattened elements that covered the skin of reptiles and some fishes

Answer 41

Scales

Question 42

Vertebral column

Answer 42

Backbone

Question 43

A tetrapod with a three chambered heart and scaleless skin that typically develops in water, then lives on land as a carnivore with lungs

Answer 43

Amphibian

Question 44

A jawed fish with a skeleton composed mainly of bone

Answer 44

Bony fish

Question 45

Of some invertebrates, body opening that releases urinary and digestive waste, and functions in reproduction

Answer 45

Cloaca

Question 46

Lobe finned fish

Answer 46

Bony fish with bony support in it's fins

Question 47

Ray finned fish

Answer 47

Bony fish with its fins supported by thin rays derived from skin

Question 48

Vertebrate that produces aminote eggs

Answer 48

Aminote

Question 49

Eggs with four membranes that allow an embryo to develop away from water

Answer 49

Aminote egg

Question 50

Bird

Answer 50

Modern aminote with feathers

Question 51

Ectoderm

Answer 51

Animal that gains heat from the environment commonly called cold blooded

Question 52

Endoderm

Answer 52

Animal that produces it's own heat commonly called warm blooded

Question 53

Aminote subgroup that includes lizards snakes turtles and birds

Answer 53

Reptile

Question 54

Mammal

Answer 54

Vertebrate that nourishes it's young with milk from mammary glands

Question 55

Marsupial

Answer 55

Mammal in which young are complete development in a pouch on the mothers body

Question 56

Monotremes

Answer 56

Egg laying mammal

Question 57

Mammal in which young are nourished within the mothers body by way of placenta

Answer 57

Placental mammal

Question 58

Mammalian group with grasping hands includes lemur tarsiers monkeys apes and humans

Answer 58

Primate

Question 59

Anthropoids

Answer 59

Monkeys apes and humans

Question 60

Informal name for a lineage of chimpanzee-sized hominins that lived in Africa between 4 million and 1.2 million years ago

Answer 60

Australopiths

Question 61

Bipedalism

Answer 61

Habitually walking upright

Question 62

Hominin

Answer 62

Human and extinct human like species

Question 63

Homo erectus

Answer 63

Human species that dispersed out of Africa

Question 64

Earliest names human species

Answer 64

Homo habilis

Question 65

Members of the genus HOMO

Answer 65

humans

Question 66

Homo neanderthalenis

Answer 66

Neanderthals | Closest extinct relatives of modern humans. Large brain and stocky body

Question 67

Modern humans | Evolved in Africa then expanded their range worldwide

Answer 67

Homo sapiens