Chapter 15&16

Question 1

How do we know if someone has a psychological disorder?

Answer 1

Deviation
Maladaptive
Personal Distress

Question 2

What are the three most common psychological disorders ?

Answer 2

Substance use disorders
Anxiety disorders
Mood disorders

Question 3

Explain mood disorders?

Answer 3

Class of disorders marked by emotional disturbances that may disrupt physical, perceptual, social, and thought processes

Question 4

What are the two classes of mood disorders?

Answer 4

A. Bipolar I

B. Depressive disorder

Question 5

Explain major depressive disorder?

Answer 5

Prolonged feelings of sadness and despair and loss of interest in previous source of pleasure

Question 6

What indicates major depressive disorder?

Answer 6

1. Duration of symptoms

2. Degree of disruption to life

Question 7

What is Bipolar I disorder?

Answer 7

At least one episode of mania plus episodes of depression

Question 8

What causes a mood disorder?

Answer 8

Complex interactions between psychological and biological factors

Question 9

List the causes of a mood disorder.

Answer 9

1. Genetic vulnerability
2. Hormonal factors
3. Stress
4. Personality traits
5. Interpersonal factors
6. Cognitive factors
7. Concussions

Question 10

Explain anxiety disorders.

Answer 10

Marked by feelings of excessive apprehension and anxiety

Question 11

Explain generalized anxiety disorder.

Answer 11

Ongoing feeling of anxiety and worry, not focused on any particular object of situation. Aka “free floating”

Question 12

Explain phobia’s

Answer 12

Persistent and irrational fear of an object or situation that does not pose a realistic threat

Question 13

What are the symptoms of a phobia

Answer 13

Anticipatory reaction
Extreme fear and distress
Avoidance behaviour
Physical reaction

Question 14

Explain panic disorders.

Answer 14

Attacks of overwhelming anxiety that occurs suddenly and unexpectedly

Question 15

What is agoraphobia?

Answer 15

Fear of going into public places

Question 16

What are the causes of anxiety disorder?

Answer 16

1. Genetic vulnerability
2. Conditioning and learning
3. Cognitive factors
4. Stress

Question 17

Explain classical conditioning.

Answer 17

An object or event/situation is paired with a powerful negative emotion so the event comes to trigger and emotional response

Question 18

Explain operant conditioning

Answer 18

Avoidance of the object is reinforced because it allows you to avoid the fear/panic response

Question 19

What are the symptoms of schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders?

Answer 19

1. Delusions and irrational thought
2. Deterioration of adaptive behaviour
3. Perceptual distortion
4. Emotional disturbances

Question 20

Explain schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders.

Answer 20

A class of disorders with a common feature or a break from reality due to symptoms of hallucinations and delusions

Question 21

What causes psychotic disorders?

Answer 21

Genetic vulnerability
Neurodevelopmental hypothesis
Lifestyle
Stress

Question 22

What percentage of police contacts involve mental health?

Answer 22

20-30%

Question 23

Explain personality disorders.

Answer 23

Long standing, extreme, inflexible, personality traits that cause distress or impaired social or occupational functioning

Question 24

What are the symptoms of schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders?

Answer 24

1. Delusions and irrational thought
2. Deterioration of adaptive behaviour
3. Perceptual distortion
4. Emotional disturbances

Question 25

Explain schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders.

Answer 25

A class of disorders with a common feature or a break from reality due to symptoms of hallucinations and delusions

Question 26

What causes psychotic disorders?

Answer 26

Genetic vulnerability Neurodevelopmental hypothesis Lifestyle Stress

Question 27

What are the types of personality disorders?

Answer 27

Odd Eccentric cluster Anxious fearful cluster Dramatic erratic cluster Antisocial

Question 28

What is psychotherapy?

Answer 28

The treatment of psychological problems and mental health disorders

Question 29

Provides verbal interactions intended to enhance clients self knowledge and thus promote healthy changes in personal behaviour

Answer 29

Insight "talk" therapy

Question 30

What is insight "talk" therapy

Answer 30

Provides verbal interactions intended to enhance clients self knowledge and thus promote healthy changes in personal behaviour

Question 31

Psychodynamic therapy: Freud

Answer 31

Unconscious conflicts usually from early childhood are source of current problem

Question 32

Unconscious conflicts usually from early childhood are source of current problem

Answer 32

Psychodynamic therapy: Freud

Question 33

Psychoanalysis

Answer 33

Goal is to identify/resolve unconscious conflict through interpretation of clues generated by the unconscious

Question 34

Goal is to identify/resolve unconscious conflict through interpretation of clues generated by the unconscious

Answer 34

Psychoanalysis

Question 35

Who founded client centred therapy ?

Answer 35

Carl Rogers

Question 36

What is client cantered therapy ?

Answer 36

Providing supportive emotional climate and letting the client determine the pace and direction of therapy

Question 37

What three conditions must the therapist provide in client cantered therapy ?

Answer 37

Genuineness Empathy Unconditional

Question 38

What is the goal of client cantered therapy?

Answer 38

Reconstruct self concept to better correspond to reality

Question 39

What are the basic assumptions of behavioural therapies ?

Answer 39

1) most maladaptive behaviours are learned | 2) what has been learned can be unlearned

Question 40

What is systematic desensitization ?

Answer 40

Reduces anxiety by having clients visualize/be exposed to object or