Chapter 15

Question 1

What is mental illness?

Answer 1

Psychopathology - in-depth study of problems related to to mental health.

Question 2

What is the “Failure analysis approach”?

Question 3

Statistical rarity

Question 4

Do all MI generate stress?

Answer 4

No

Question 5

Does laziness = an impairment

Question 6

What shapes our views on MI?

Answer 6

Societal disapproval

Question 7

What causes Biological dysfunction?

Question 8

Family resemblance view

Question 9

What did people in the middle ages blame MI on?

Answer 9

THE DEMONIC MODEL: Evil spirits, witches, devil’s mark, etc.

Question 10

What is the Medical Model?

Answer 10

Seeing MI as a physical disorder that needed treatment - like bloodletting and snake pits

Question 11

T or F: The Moral Treatment created real, effective treatments for MI.

Answer 11

F: no effective treatments came from this.

Question 12

What was a failure in the Modern Era?

Answer 12

People were released to the public without continued care, follow-ups and medication.

Question 13

What countries believe in the culture-bound condition, Koro?

Answer 13

Malaysia & other Asian countries

Question 14

T or F: schizophrenia,
alcoholism, psychopathy are more Westernized MIs.

Answer 14

F - they are universal across cultures

Question 15

What are the 4 misconceptions about MI?

Answer 15

1. Psychiatric diagnosis is nothing
   more than pigeonholing
2. Psychiatric diagnoses are unreliable
3. Psychiatric diagnoses are invalid
4. Psychiatric diagnoses stigmatize
   people

Question 16

What is the DSM-5?

Answer 16

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) on 5th edition:
A system that contains the criteria for mental disorders with 18 different classes

Question 17

What can a thyroid condition simulate?

Answer 17

Depression
(medically induced conditions can simulate psychological disorders)

Question 18

What does the DSM-5 have high levels of?

Answer 18

Comorbidity: 2 or more diagnosis within the same person

Question 19

What is required for people not to know for the Insanity Defense?

Answer 19

1. what they were doing at the time of the crime
2. what they were doing was wrong

Question 20

What’s a major myth about people with MI?

Answer 20

That they are more aggressive or violent

Question 21

Can anyone be “involuntarily committed”?

Answer 21

No, they must post a clear and present threat to themselves or others and cannot care for themselves

Question 22

What are some symptoms or Somatic symptom disorders?

Answer 22

Physical symptoms like nausea or shortness or breath that have psychological origins

Question 23

Illness anxiety disorder

Question 24

What % of the population is affected by Generalized anxiety disorder?

Answer 24

3%

Question 25

How do panic attacks negatively affect someone's daily life?

Answer 25

They come out of the blue, they can feel like a heart attack, you'll fear for the next one

Question 26

What is the most common anxiety disorder?

Answer 26

Phobias

Question 27

What is OCD marked by and relieved by?

Answer 27

Marked by obsessions Relieved by compulsions

Question 28

What are the 3 explanations for Anxiety disorders?

Answer 28

1. Learning models 2: Catastrophic thinking 3. Biological

Question 29

What is the most common mood disorder?

Answer 29

Major Depressive Disorder

Question 30

How long does the average Depressive Episode last?

Answer 30

6 months - 1 year

Question 31

What are the 6 explanations for MDD?

Answer 31

1. life events 2. interpersonal model 3. behavioural model 4. cognitive model 5. learned helplessness 6. role of biology

Question 32

What is the Cognitive triad?

Answer 32

Negative views of self, experience & future

Question 33

How strong is the influence of genes on MDD?

Answer 33

Moderate

Question 34

T or F: Bipolar disorder is equally common in men and women

Answer 34

True

Question 35

Role of brain structures related to emotion (blank) & planning (blank) in bipolar disorder

Answer 35

increase, decrease

Question 36

T or F: As a severe depression lifts, people’s suicide risk decreases.

Answer 36

False: As a severe depression lifts, the risk of suicide may actually increase, in part because individuals possess more energy to attempt the act

Question 37

3 clusters of Personality disorders are:

Answer 37

Dramatic, erratic or emotion, anxious or fearful

Question 38

What does BPD have instability in?

Answer 38

Mood, identity and impulse control

Question 39

Psychopathic personality overlaps with ____ ____ disorder

Answer 39

Antisocial personality

Question 40

What do people with psychopathic personality have a deficit in?

Answer 40

Fear

Question 41

What's under the umbrella of Dissociative Disorders?

Answer 41

Depersonalization disorder, dissociative amnesia, dissociative fugue

Question 42

What is the criticism about posttraumatic model with DID?

Answer 42

Early abuse is not specific to DID

Question 43

T or F: Treatment decreases the number of alters people see

Answer 43

False. Treatment often reinforces the idea that the person has alters

Question 44

What are some symptoms of schizophrenia?

Answer 44

Disturbances in attention, thinking, language, emotion, and relationships. A hallmark symptom is DELUSIONS

Question 45

What is a hallucination?

Answer 45

Sensory perceptions that occur in the absence of external stimuli

Question 46

How can families affect schizophrenia?

Answer 46

Through Expressed Emotion (criticism, hostility, over-involvement)

Question 47

What are the brain abnormalities associated with schizophrenia?

Answer 47

Enlarged ventricles Increased sulci size Hypofrontalitiy

Question 48

T or F: Most anti-schizophrenia drugs block dopamine receptors, decreasing symptoms of the disorder

Answer 48

False

Question 49

What's a highly genetically influenced disorder?

Answer 49

Schizophrenia and/or ADHD

Question 50

T or F: The rise in autism diagnosis after the 1990s is linked to MMR vaccines

Answer 50

False, research shows no link between vaccines and autism

Question 50

What's the ratio of male to females with ADHD?

Answer 50

3:1

Question 50

What caused people to blame autism on vaccines?

Answer 50

Illusory correlation