Chapter 15 Flashcards
(25 cards)
T or f. Darwin was looking for a scientific explanation for the diversity of life in earth
True
Each obverse tips Darwin made
An enormous # of species inhabit earth and some species that lived in the past no longer live on earth.
As Darwin studied fossils, what new questions arose?
Why had so many of these species disappeared? How were they related to living species?
How did Darwin explain differences in shell shape of tortoises from Hood and Isabella island?
Hood- curved shell
Isabella- dome shaped
Darwin observed that small brown birds on the Galápagos Islands differed in the shape of their ______
Beaks
What did Darwin think about on his journey home to England
How characteristics in plants and animals varied among the different islands
After he returned to England, what hypothesis did Darwin develop to explain his findings?
Separate species evolve from a common ancestor
2 scientist who helped Darwin and others recognize how old earth is were _____ and ____
Hutton and Lyell
Lyells work
His work explained how awesome geological features could be. His publications helped Darwin appreciate the significance of the geological phenomenon.
He stressed that scientist must explain past events in terms of processes that they could actually observe
In what 2 ways did an understanding of geology influence darwin?
If earth could change over time, might life as well? He realized it would have taken many many years for life to change in the way he suggested
T or f. Lamarck was the 1st among scientist to recognize that living things have changed over time
True
T or F. Lamarck purposed that all organisms have an innate tendency toward complexity and perfection.
True
T or f. Adaptations can be physical characteristics but not more complex features such as behavior
False
Explain what Darwin meant by the phrase survival of the fittest
Individuals better suited for the environment survive and reproduce most successfully
Evidence for evolution can be found in
The fossil record, geographical distributions, homologous structures, embryology
What is the status of drawings hypothesis today?
It continues to be upheld by research in all areas of biology
T or F. Charles Darwin contributed more to our understanding of evolution than anyone else
True
How did Lamarck pave the way of later biologist?
1st to develop a scientific hypothesis of evolution and realize that organisms are adapted to their environment
Thomas Malthus
Influence of Darwin, believed in war, famin, and disease
T or f. When Darwin returned to England, he rushed to publish his thoughts about evolution
False
Who was a naturalist whose essay gave Darwin an incentive to publish his own work
Alfred Russell Wallace
Drawings book
Contained evidence for evolution, described natural selection
T or f. Genetic variation is found only in Wild organisms in nature.
False
What was drawings greatest contribution?
Developed a scientific hypothesis to explain how evolution occurs
