Chapter 15 (Darwin theory and evolution)

Question 1

1830 and a naturalist; Originally he believed life had never changed, but when he went on a voyage he experienced things that changed those theories. These observations led him to propose the mechanism of this change called natural selection, which is the component of evolution – the genetic change of a species over time.

Answer 1

Charles Darwin

Question 2

used vestigial structures to conclude organismal evolution

Answer 2

Erasmus Darwin

Question 3

most scientist from the mid-late 1700s’ used what to evaluate similar structures across a variety of species using fossils to compare them to extant species

Answer 3

Comparative anatomy

Question 4

Mid-late 1700’s who created binomial nomenclature method of taxonomy

Answer 4

Carolus Linnaeus

Question 5

Late 1700’s- early 1800’s scientist who used paleontology to prove that there were sudden changes in fossilized species in different layers of strata.

Answer 5

Baron Georges Cuvier

Question 6

Layers of sediment

Answer 6

Strata

Question 7

Late 1700’s – early 1800’s Scientist He proposed the idea of inheritance of acquired characteristics the (idea that the environment can produce physical changes in an organism in its lifetime that are inheritable)

Answer 7

Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck

Question 8

The belief that several catastrophic events had taken place throughout the history of earth and that God had repopulated with new sets of species

Answer 8

Catastrophism

Question 9

think analogy; they are structures that did not evolve from a common ancestor and have totally different structure, although they might serve a similar function.

Answer 9

Analogous structures

Question 10

they are structures that are anatomically similar because they came from a common ancestor, even though they serve different functions.

Answer 10

Homologous structures

Question 11

What are the vestigial structures

Answer 11

anatomical structures that functioned in an ancestor, but have lost most or all their function. Example: the internal useless leg bones in the glass lizard and the vestigial leg bones of whales.

Question 12

what are the different forms of evidence of evolution?

Answer 12

Fossil, Biogeographical, Anatomical and Developmental, and Biochemical