Chapter 15- Female Reproductive System Flashcards
(200 cards)
1
Q
cervic/o
A
neck or cervix
2
Q
colp/o, vagin/o
A
vagina (sheath)
3
Q
episi/o, vulv/o
A
vulva (covering)
4
Q
gynec/o
A
woman
5
Q
hyster/o, metr/o, uter/o
A
uterus
6
Q
lact/o
A
milk
7
Q
mast/o, mamm/o
A
breast
8
Q
men/o
A
menstruation
9
Q
obstetr/o
A
midwife
10
Q
oophor/o, ovari/o
A
ovary
11
Q
ov/i, ov/o
A
egg
12
Q
pelv/i
A
pelvis
13
Q
salping/o
A
uterine tube
14
Q
toc/o
A
labor or birth
15
Q
-arche
A
beginning
16
Q
womb; a pear-shaped organ in the pelvic cavity in which in which the embryo and fetus develops
A
uterus
17
Q
upper portion of the uterus above the entry to the uterine tubes
A
fundus
18
Q
lining of the uterus, which is shed approximately every 28 to 30 days in a nonpregnant female during menstruation
A
endometrium
19
Q
muscular wall of the uterus
A
myometrium
20
Q
tubes extending from each side of the uterus toward the ovary that provide a passage for ova to the uterus
A
uterine tubes, fallopian tubes
21
Q
uterine tubes and ovaries
A
adnexa
22
Q
right tube and ovary
A
right uterine appendage
23
Q
left tube and ovary
A
left uterine appendage
24
Q
one of two glands located on each side of the pelvic cavity that produce ova and female sex hormones
A
ovary
25
neck of the uterus
cervix
26
opening of the cervix to the uterus
cervical os
27
tubular passageway from the cervix to the outside of the body
vagina
28
external genitalia of the female
vulva
29
folds of tissue on either side of the vaginal opening
labia
30
female erectile tissue in the anterior portion of the vulva
clitoris
31
fold of mucous membrane that encircles the entrance to the vagina
hymen
32
entrence to the vagina
introitus
33
two glands located on either side of the vaginal opening that secrete a lubricant during intercourse
Bartholin glands
34
region between the vulva and anus
perineum
35
two glands in the female breasts that are capable of producing milk
mammary glands
36
nipple
mammary papilla
37
dark-pigment area around the nipple
areola
38
the developing organism from fertilization to the end of the 8th week
embryo
39
the developing organism from the 9th week to birth
fetus
40
vascular organ that develops in the uterine wall during pregnancy to provide nourishment for the fetus
placenta
41
innermost of the membranes surrounding the embryo in the uterus, filled with amniotic fluid
amnion, amniotic sac
42
fluid within the amniotic sac that surrounds and protects the fetus
amniotic fluid
43
intestinal discharge of the fetus that form the first stools in the newborn
meconium
44
absence of menstruation
amenorrhea
45
painful menstruation
dysmenorrhea
46
scanty menstrual period
oligomenorrhea
47
absence of ovulation
anovulation
48
painful intercourse
dyspareunia
49
abnormal white or yellow vaginal discharge
leukorrhea
50
excessive bleeding at the time of menstruation
menorragia
51
bleeding from the uterus at any time other than normal menstruation
metrorrhagia
52
irregular ovulation
oligo-ovulation
53
inflammation of the cervix
cervicitis
54
birth defects that cause abnormal development of an organ or structure
congenital anomalies, congenital irregularities
55
congenital tumor composed of displaced embryonic tissue
dermoid cyst
56
displacement of the uterus from its normal position
displacement of the uterus
57
abnormal forward bending of the uterus
anteflexion
58
abnormal backward flexion of the uterus
retroflexion
59
backward turn of the whole uterus; also called tipped uterus
retroversion
60
condition characterized by migration of portions of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity
endometriosis
61
inflammation of the endometrium
endometritis
62
benign tumor in the uterus composed of smooth muscle and fibrous connective tissue
fibroid, fibromyoma, leiomyoma
63
abnormal passage, such as from one hollow organ to another
fistula
64
abnormal opening between the vagina and rectum
rectovaginal fistula
65
abnormal opening between the bladder and vagina
vesicovaginal fistula
66
abnormal development of cervical tissue cells
cervical neoplasm
67
potentially cancerous abnormality of the epithelial tissue of the cervix, graded according to the extent of abnormal cell formation
cervical intraepithelial ceoplasm (CIN)
68
CIN-1: mild dyplasia
CIN-2: moderate dysplasia
CIN-3: severe dysplasia
cervical dysplasia
69
malignant cell changes of the cervix that are localized, without any spread to adjacent structures
carcinoma in situ of the cervix (CIS)
70
cessation of menstrual periods caused by lack of ovarian hormones
menopause
71
inflammation of one or both ovaries
oophoritis
72
cyst of the uterine tube
parovarian cyst
73
scarring of tissue within the pelvic cavity resulting from endometriosis, infection, or injury
pelvic adhesions
74
inflammation of organs in the pelvic cavity
pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
75
relaxation of supportive ligaments of the pelvic organs
pelvic floor relaxation
76
pouching of the bladder into the vagina
cystocele
77
pouching of the rectum into the vagina
rectocele
78
pouching sac of peritoneum between the vagina and the rectum
enterocele
79
pouching of the urethra into the vagina
urethrocele
80
descent of the uterus down the vaginal canal
prolapse
81
inflammation of a fallopian tube
salpingitis
82
inflammation of the vagina with redness, swelling and irritation
vaginitis
83
infection of the vagina, with little or no inflammation, characterized by a milk-like discharge and an unpleasant odor
vaginosis
84
malignant tumor of the breast tissue
adenocarcinoma of the breast
85
absence of a breast
amastia
86
benign condition of the breast consisting of fibrous and cystic changes that render the tissue more dense
fibrocystic breasts
87
development of mammary glands in the male caused be altered hormone levels
gynecomastia
88
abnormally large breasts
hypermastia, macromastia
89
unusually small breast
hypomastia, micromastia
90
inflammation of the breast
mastitis
91
presence of more than two breasts
polymastia
92
presence of more than one nipple on a breast
polythelia, supernumerary nipple
93
breaking down or severing of pelvic adhesions
adhesiolysis, adhesiotomy
94
removal of a cone-shaped portion of the cervix
cervical conization
95
suture to repair the vagina
colporrhaphy
96
repair of a cystocele
colporrhaphy anterior repair
97
repair of a rectocele
colporrhaphy posterior repair
98
anterior and posterior repair of cystocele and rectocele
colporrhaphy A&P repair
99
method of destroying tissue by freezing
cryosurgery
100
dilation of the cervix and scrapping of the endometrium to control bleeding, to obtain tissue for biopsy, or to remove polyps or products of conception
dilation and curettage (D&C)
101
removal of the uterus
hysterectomy
102
removal of the uterus through an incision in the abdomen
abdominal hysterectomy
103
removal of the uterus through the vagina
vaginal hysterectomy
104
removal of the uterus and cervix
total hysterectomy
105
inspection of the abdomen or pelvic cavity with a laparoscope, which is an endoscope used to examine the abdominal and pelvic regions
laparoscopy
106
surgical procedures within the abdominal or pelvic region using a laparoscope
laparoscope surgery
107
use of a laser to destroy lesions or to dissect or cut tissue
laser surgery
108
use of electrosurgical or radio waves transformed through a loop-configued electrosurgical device to treat precancerous cervical lesions by simultaneously excisional biopsy and treatment of affected tissue
loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP), large-loop excision of the transformation zone
109
excision of fibroid tumors
myomectomy
110
excision of an ovary
oophorectomy
111
excision of an ovarian cyst
ovarian cystectomy
112
excision of a uterine tube
salpingectomy
113
excision of both uterine tubes and ovaries
bilateral salpingooophorectomy
114
incision into a fallopian tube
salpingotomy
115
creation of an opening in the fallopian tube to open a blockage
salpingostomy
116
sterilization of a woman by cutting and tying the uterine tubes
tubal ligation
117
excision of a breast tumor without removing any other tissues or lymph nodes
lumpectomy
118
removal of a breast
masectomy
119
removal of an entire breast but with the underlying muscle and axillary lymph nodes left intact
simple masectomy
120
removal of an entire breast along with the underlying chest muscles and axillary lymph nodes
radical masectomy
121
removal of an entire breast and lymph nodes of the axilla
modified radial masectomy
122
surgical reconstruction of a breast
mammoplasty
123
reconstruction to enlarge the breast often by insertion of an implant
augmentation mammoplasty
124
reconstruction to remove excessive breast tissue
reduction mammoplasty
125
elevation of pendulous breast tissue
mastopexy
126
a pregnant woman
gravida
127
having never been pregnant
nulligravida
128
first pregnancy
primigravida
129
to bear; woman who has produced one or more viable offspring
para
130
a woman who has not borne a child
nullipara
131
first delivery
primipara
132
a woman who has given birth to two or more children
multipara
133
progressive obliteration of the endocervical canal during delivery
cervical effacement
134
expected date for delivery of a baby, usually 280 days or 40 weeks
estimated date of confinement (EDC)
135
presence of meconium in amniotic fluid
meconium staining
136
rupture of the amniotic sac, usually at onset of labor
ruptured membranes
137
large-bodied baby commonly seen in diabetic pregnancies
macrosomia
138
excessive amniotic fluid
polyhydramnios
139
expulsion of the products of conception before the fetus is viable
abortion (AB)
140
miscarriage
spontaneous abortion (SAB)
141
spontaneous abortion occurring in three or more consecutive pregnancies
habitual abortion
142
incomplete expulsion of the products of conception
incomplete abortion
143
death of a fetus embryo within the uterus that is not naturally expelled after death
missed abortion
144
bleeding with the threat of miscarriage
threatened abortion
145
condition preventing normal delivery through the birth canal
cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD)
146
true toxemia of pregnancy characterized by high blood pressure, albuminuria, edema of the legs and feet, and severe headaches, dizziness, convulsions, and coma
eclampsia
147
toxemia of pregnancy characterized by high blood pressure, albuminuria, edema of the legs and feet, and puffyness of the face, without convulsion or coma
preeclampsia, pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH)
148
implantation of the fertilized egg outside the uterine cavity, often in the tube or ovary, or, rarely in the abdominal cavity
ectopic pregnancy
149
disorder that results from the incompatibility of a fetus with Rh-positive blood factor and a mother with an RH-negative blood factor, causing red blood cell destruction in the fetus
erythroblastosis fetalis
150
presence, or lack, of antigens in the surface of red blood cells that may cause a reaction between the blood of the mothe and the fetus, resulting in fetal anemia, which causes erythroblastosis fetalis
Rh factor
151
presence of antigens
Rh positive
152
absence of antigens
Rh negative
153
severe nausea and vomiting in pregnancy that can cause severe dehydration in the mother and fetus
hyperemesis gravydarum
154
fetal aspiration of amniotic fluid containing meconium
meconium aspiration
155
displaced attachment of the placenta in the lower region of the uterine cavity
placenta previa
156
premature detachment of a normally situated placenta
abruptio placentae
157
surgical delivery of a baby via an incision through the abdomen and into the uterus
cesarean section (C-section)
158
dilation of the cervix and removal of the products of conception
dilation and evacuation (D&E)
159
incision of the perineum to facilitate delivery of a baby
episiotomy
160
introduction of a solution into the amniotic sac
amnioinfusion
161
abortion induced by mechanical means or by drugs for medical reasons
therapeutic abortion (TAB)
162
manual method for reversing the position of the fetus, usually done to facilitate delivery
version
163
abdominal manipulation
external version
164
intravaginal manipulation
internal version
165
drug that causes abortion
abortifacient
166
hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that causes myometrial contraction
oxytocin
167
immunizing agent given to an Rh-negative mother within 72 hours after delivering an Rh-positive baby to suppress the Rh immune response
Rh immune globulin
168
drug used to stop labor contractions
tocolytic agent
169
AB
abortion
170
AIDS
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
171
A&P
anterior and posterior
172
Bx
biopsy
173
CIN
cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
174
CIS
carcinoma in situ
175
CPD
cephalopelvic disproportion
176
C-section
cesarian section
177
CVS
chorionic villus sampling
178
D&C
dilation and curettage
179
D&E
dilation and evacuation
180
EDC
estimated date of confinement
181
EDD
estimated date of delivery
182
GYN
gynecology
183
HBV
hepatitis B virus
184
HIV
human immunodeficiency virus
185
HPV
human papilloma virus
186
HRT
hormone replacement therapy
187
HSV-2
herpes simplex virus type 2
188
IUD
intrauterine device
189
LEEP
loop electrosurgical excision procedure
190
LLETZ
large-loop excision of the transformation zone
191
LMP
last menstrual period
192
MRI
magnetic resonance imaging
193
OB
obstetrics
194
OCP
oral contraceptive pill
195
Pap
Papanicolaou (smear)
196
PID
pelvic inflammatory disease
197
PIH
pregnancy-induced hypertension
198
SAB
spontaneous abortion
199
STD
sexually transmitted disease
200
TAB
therapeutic abortion
