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Physical Science > Chapter 15 Flashcards > Flashcards

Chapter 15 Flashcards

(80 cards)

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1
Q

chemical change resulting form a change btwn atoms or molecules

A

chemical reaction

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2
Q

substance undergoing the chemical reaction

A

reactants

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3
Q

substances produced by a reaction

A

products

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4
Q

expression using chemical symbols to represent a chemical reaction

A

chemical equation

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5
Q

name the evidences that a chemical change has occurred

A

change in color
formation of precipitate
releasing energy
formation of a gas

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6
Q

number indicating how many molecules or formula units are involved in that reaction

A

coefficient

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7
Q

what law says that the total mass of the reactants must equal the total mass of the products

A

law of conservation of mass

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8
Q

chemical equation with same number of atoms of each element on each side of the arrow

A

balanced

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9
Q

true/false you can change subscripts

A

false

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10
Q

specific type of chem reaction referred to as a synthesis reaction

A

combination reaction
A+B=AB

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11
Q

type of reaction where there are 2 partners swapped

A

double displacement

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12
Q

type of reaction that releases energy to its surroundings

A

exothermic

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13
Q

type of reaction that absorbs energy

A

endothermic

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14
Q

reaction that occurs all by itself

A

spontaneous

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15
Q

area of chemistry addressing the rate of chemical reactions

A

chemical kinetics

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16
Q

5 ways to increase the rate of a chem reaction

A
  1. stir it
  2. increase temp
    3.increase concentration
    4.add a catalyst
    5.increase surface area
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17
Q

chem energy necessary for a molecule to chemically react

A

activation energy

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18
Q

substance that alters the rate of a chem reaction without it permanently changing the reaction

A

catalyst

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19
Q

a chemical reaction could either go forwards or backwards. they are called

A

reversible

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20
Q

forward and reversed rates are equal

A

equilibrium

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21
Q

principle stating that when a stress is applied to a system at equilibrium , the system will reply in a way to offset the stress

A

le chateliers principle

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22
Q

any ionic compound without h positive or oh negative

A

salt

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23
Q

substances slippery to the touch and have a bitter taste

A

base

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24
Q

substances forming h positive when dissolved in water

A

acids

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25
what substances will turn blue hotness paper red
acid
26
what type of substances are sour to taste
acids
27
substances neither acids nor bases
neutral
28
if something is a neutral substance,s it has a ph of
7
29
h3 o positive's official name
oxonium
30
a substance that dissociates completely into a cation and the hydroxide anion
strong base
31
type of substance partially disocciating into oxonium and another anion
weak acid
32
if we have a ph of 3, we have a
acid
33
if we have a ph of 7.01
base
34
if a substance has a ph of 4 and then the ph is increased to 6, how much of an increase in the concentration of hydronium do we have
100
35
concentration of oxonium of 1.0 x 10 to the -2, what is the ph of the substance
2
36
ph of 1.0 x 10 to the -13
13
37
if I react a strong acid and a strong base
neutralization reaction
38
if I have a neutralization reaction, it will form
water and a salt
39
a substance that helps regulate the ph of a substance by altering the rate of a chem reaction when more of an acid or base is added
buffer
40
what do we call a reaction in which substances lose or gain electrons
redox reactions
41
if a substance loses electrons, that substance is
oxidized
42
what do we call the 2 separated reactions in a redox reaction
half reactions
43
what type of chem reactions involve electrical current
electrochemical reactions
44
substance readily conducting electricity
electrolyte
45
which chemical cell uses electricity to bring about a non spontaneous redox reaction
electrolytic cell
46
several voltaic cells stacked
battery
47
electrolytic process that will coat a thin film of metal on an object by electrolysis
electroplating
48
which electrode does oxidation occur
anode
49
which type of voltaic cell can be recharged by an outside source of electricity
storage cell
50
study of compounds containing carbon
organic chemistry
51
name the 3 reasons of the uniqueness of carbon
1. 4 covalent bonds 2.compounds of many shapes 3.single, double, or triple bonds with atoms of many elements
52
substances only containing hydrogen and carbon
hydrocarbons
53
hydrocarbons with only single bonds
alkanes
54
a substance with a double bond
alkene
55
a cyclic hydrocarbons with rings of delocalized electrons
aromatic hydrocarbons
56
hydrocarbons that bond into a ring structure
cyclic hydrocarbons
57
group of atoms capable of replacing a hydrogen atom in a hydrocarbon
functional groups
58
if w have an alkane that has a hydrogen substituted with a halogen
haloalkane
59
which functional group is a carbon double bonded to an oxygen and single bonded to a hydroxil
carboxylic acid
60
which functional group is always found int he middle of a molecule
ester
61
which functional group is an OH
alcohol
62
what is a salt that contains a carboxylic ion
soap
63
what do we call a long chained molecules made up of several smaller parts
polymer
64
what bio molecules are typically characterized by a carbon to hydrogen to oxygen ration of 1:2:1
carbohydrates
65
a relatively small carb that contains up to about 10 rings of atoms
sugar
66
if I have one sugar it is a
monosaccaride
67
which sugar is referred to as blood sugar
glucose
68
what sugar is a disaccharide of glucose and fructose
sucrose
69
what common polysaccharide is used for food storage in plants
starch
70
commonly used for food storage in animals and people
glycogen
71
group of bio molecules characterized by insolubility in water
lipids
72
specific types of fats solid at room temp and fully loaded with hydrogens
saturated
73
bio molecule that helps transport cholesterol
lipoprotein
74
building blocks of proteins
amino acids
75
specific bond that holds the amino acids together
peptide bond
76
specific component of dan containing the plants the blueprints
nucleic acid
77
molecule with a double backbone structure twisted into a double helix
dna
78
segment of dna containing code for a specific substance or task
genes
79
working copy of the dan
rna
80
serves as the energy carrier of the cell
atp

Physical Science (12 decks)

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