Chapter 15 - Key Vocabs

Question 1

Acetabulum

Answer 1

Rounded depression in pelvis that joins the femur, forming the hip joint

Question 2

Acromion

Answer 2

Outward extension of shoulder blade forming the point of the shoulder

Question 3

Articular cartilage

Answer 3

Thin layer of cartilage covering the bone in the joint space

Question 4

Bone

Answer 4

Dense, hard connective tissue composing the skeleton.

Question 5

Bone depression (!!!)

Answer 5

Opening or hollow region serving as a connection for bones, or passageway for blood vessels and nerves

Question 6

Bone Process (!!!)

Answer 6

Enlarged area that extends from bones as an attachment for muscles, tendons, and ligaments

Question 7

Calcium

Answer 7

A mineral constituent of bone

Question 8

Cancellous bone (!!!)

Answer 8

Spongy, porous bone tissue in inner part of bone

Question 9

Cartilage

Answer 9

Flexible, rubbery connective tissue

Question 10

Collagen

Answer 10

Dense, connective tissue protein strands found in bone and other tissues

Question 11

Compact bone (!!!)

Answer 11

Hard, dense bone tissue usually found around outer portion of bones

Question 12

Cranial bones

Answer 12

Skull bones: ethmoid, frontal, occipital, parietal, sphenoid, and temporal

Question 13

Diaphysis (!!!)

Answer 13

Shaft, or mid-portion of a long bone

Question 14

Disk (disc)

Answer 14

Flat, round, plate-like structure

Question 15

Epiphyseal plate

Answer 15

Cartilaginous area at the ends of long bones where lengthwise growth takes in the immature skeleton

Question 16

Epiphysis

Answer 16

Each end of a long bone

Question 17

Facial bones

Answer 17

Bones of the face: lacrimal, mandibular, maxillary, nasal, vomer, and zygomatic

Question 18

Fotanelle

Answer 18

Soft spot (incomplete bone formation) between the skull bones of an infant

Question 19

Foramen magnum

Answer 19

Opening of the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes

Question 20

Haversian canals

Answer 20

Minute spaces filled with blood vessels; found in compact bones

Question 21

Ligament

Answer 21

Fibrous tissue connecting bones to other bones

Question 22

Malleolus

Answer 22

Round process on both sides of the ankle joint

Question 23

Manubrium

Answer 23

Upper portion of the sternum

Question 24

Mastoid process

Answer 24

Round projection on the temporal bone behind the ear

Question 25

Medullary cavity (!!!)

Answer 25

Central, hollowed-out area in the shaft of a long bone

Question 26

Metaphysis

Answer 26

Flared portion of a long bone, between the diaphysis and the epiphyseal plate

Question 27

Olecranon

Answer 27

Large process on the proximal end of the ulna

Question 28

Orthopedist

Answer 28

Medical doctor who specializes in bone, joint, and muscle conditions

Question 29

Osseous tissue

Answer 29

Bone tissue

Question 30

Ossification

Answer 30

Process of bone formation

Question 31

Osteoblasts

Answer 31

Bone cell that helps form bony tissue

Question 32

Osteoclasts

Answer 32

Bone cell that absorbs and removes unwanted bony tissue

Question 33

Periosteum

Answer 33

Membrane surrounding bones; rich in blood vessels and nerve tissue

Question 34

Phosphorous

Answer 34

Mineral substance found in bones in combination with calcium

Question 35

Physiatrist

Answer 35

Medical doctor who specializes in rehabilitation

Question 36

Pubic symphysis

Answer 36

Area of confluence of the two pubic bones in the pelvis

Question 37

Red bone marrow

Answer 37

Found in cancellous bone; site of hematopoiesis

Question 38

Ribs

Answer 38

12 pairs of curved bones that form the chest wall 1-7 true, 8-10 false, 11-12 floating

Question 39

Sella turcica

Answer 39

Depression in the sphenoid bone where the pituitary gland is located

Question 40

Sinus

Answer 40

Hollow air cavity within a bone

Question 41

Styloid process

Answer 41

Pole-like process extending downward from the temporal bone on each side of the skull

Question 42

Suture

Answer 42

Immovable joint between bones

Question 43

Temporomandiubular Joint

Answer 43

Connection on either side of the head between the temporal bone of the skull and the mandibular bone of the jaw

Question 44

Tendon

Answer 44

Fibrous connective tissue connecting muscle and bones

Question 45

Trabeculae

Answer 45

Supporting bundles of bony fibers in cancellous bone

Question 46

Vertebra

Answer 46

Individual segment of the spine composed of the vertebral body, vertebral arch, spinous process, transverse process, and lamina

Question 47

Xiphoid process

Answer 47

Lower, narrow portion of sternum

Question 48

Yellow bone marrow

Answer 48

Fatty tissue found in the medullary cavity of most adult long bones