Chapter 15-media ethics

Question 1

The penny press and it’s quest for large audiences leads to excesses such as hoaxes

Answer 1

1830s

Question 2

Theodore Roosevelt denounces muckrakers who “fix their eyes only on that which is file and debasing”

Answer 2

1906

Question 3

Sensational tactics of the yellow price help lead to the Spanish-American war

Answer 3

1895

Question 4

The canons of journalism, the first of the print media codes, calls for fair and accurate reporting

Answer 4

1923

Question 5

National Association of broadcasters (NAB) ethics code, first of the electronic media codes, is established

Answer 5

1929

Question 6

The motion picture production code is adopted, limiting the sex and violence that can be portrayed in movies

Answer 6

1930

Question 7

The television quiz show scandals shock America, leading to network control of programming

Answer 7

1958

Question 8

The success of the Internet creates problems with the “ethics of unlimited information”

Answer 8

2000’s

Question 9

Glenn beck and other media commentators fan the flames of political divisions

Answer 9

2010

Question 10

The NAB’s ethics code is dropped after the government declares it an antitrust violation

Answer 10

1983

Question 11

Janet cook, reporter for the Washington post, is forced to return to the Pulitzer Prize when it is discovered that she made up facts and characters

Answer 11

1980

Question 12

What is ethics?

Answer 12

The study of guidelines that help people determine right from wrong in their voluntary conduct

Question 13

Purposeful deceptions of the public

Answer 13

Hoaxes

Question 14

The practice of keeping a particular type of person from working in media and other industries

Answer 14

Blacklisting

Question 15

Position is from which there is a clear-cut right or wrong response for every ethical decision
- rules are often based on religious ideals & are often rigidly enforced

Answer 15

Absolutist ethics

Question 16

Guidelines that stipulate specific behaviors to be followed

Answer 16

Prescriptive codes

Question 17

Guidelines that stress the things that should not be done

Answer 17

Proscriptive codes

Question 18

Common newspaper rule stating that nothing should be published as fact unless at least two sources confirm it

Answer 18

Two-source rule

Question 19

Immanuel Kant’s term for the ethical guidelines to look for principles that will hold true in all situations

Answer 19

Categorical Imperative

Question 20

Another name for situation ethics

Answer 20

Relativistic ethics

Question 21

John Rawls’s term associated with the idea that ethical behavior as possible only if everyone is treated equally

Answer 21

Veil of ignorance

Question 22

Principle that ethical choices can be made according to the situation, without a rigid adherence to set rules

Answer 22

Situation ethics

Question 23

Aristotle’s term for describing ethical behavior as a midpoint between extremes

Answer 23

Golden mean

Question 24

Jon Stuart Mill’s idea that actions are ethical only if they result in the greatest good for the most people

Answer 24

Utilitarian principal (“greatest happiness principle”)

Question 25

The idea that the end justifies the means

Answer 25

Machiavellian ethics

Question 26

Theory that holds that doing what is right for yourself will probably be right for others

Answer 26

Enlightened self-interest

Question 27

One camera crew shared by several TV news organizations

Answer 27

Pool cameras

Question 28

Chaos that results when crowds of journalists descend on the scene of a news event

Answer 28

Media circus

Question 29

Clash that occurs when an outside activity influence’s what a media professional does

Answer 29

Conflict of interest

Question 30

Paying news sources for their stories

Answer 30

Checkbook journalism

Question 31

Obligation to take responsibility, or account for, the consequences of one’s actions. In media ethics, accountability involves the questions of who controls the media practitioners and who has the power to punish them for ethical lapses.

Answer 31

Accountability

Question 32

Departments at television networks that oversee the ethics of their programming

Answer 32

Standards and practices departments

Question 33

Staff member whose job it is to oversee media employees ethical behavior

Answer 33

Ombudsperson

Question 34

Independent agencies whose mission is to objectively monitor media performance

Answer 34

News councils

Question 35

Associations made up of members of the public to exert influence, such as on the media

Answer 35

Citizens groups

Question 36

What is Payola?

Answer 36

Record promoters payments to DJs to play their songs, both an ethical & legal scandal in the radio & recording industries

Question 37

Who were two absolutist ethics?

Answer 37

Immanuel Kant & John Rawls

Question 38

Who were the 3 situation ethics?

Answer 38

Aristotle, Machiavelli, & John Stuart Mill

Question 39

This act stipulated that broadcasters should operate in “the public interest, convenience, & necessity”

Answer 39

Communications Act of 1934