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Medical Terminology II > chapter 15 - Muscles and Tendons,Physical Medicine and Rehabilitaton ( RM&R) > Flashcards

chapter 15 - Muscles and Tendons,Physical Medicine and Rehabilitaton ( RM&R) Flashcards

(69 cards)

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1
Q

atrophy

A

A- = without
- trophy = nourishment

The wasting away or diminished volume of tissue, an organ, or a body part

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2
Q

Contract

A

Con- = with , together
-tract = draw

Draw together our contract

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3
Q

Fascia

A

Latin a band

Sheet of fibrous connective tissue

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4
Q

Fascicle

A

Latin small bundle

Bundle of muscle fibers

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5
Q

Fiber

A

Latin fiber

A strand of filament

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6
Q

Hypertrophy

A

Hyper- = excessive
-trophy = nourishment

Increase in size, but not in number, of an individual tissue element

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7
Q

Insert (verb)

Insertion

A

Latin to join

-ion = action, condition
Insert- = put together

The insertion of a muscle is the attachment of a muscle to a movable part of the skeleton

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8
Q

Origin

A

Latin source of

Fixed source of a muscle at its attachment to the bone

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9
Q

Paristalsis

A

Peri - around
-stalsis = constrict

Waves of alternate contraction and relaxation of the alimentary canal wall to move food along the digestive tract

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10
Q

Striated muscle

Striation

A

Striated Latin stripe
Muscle latin muscle

Another term of skeletal
-ion action, condition
Striat- = stripe

Stripes

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11
Q

Infraspinatus

A
  • us = pertaining to
    Infra- = below, beneath
    -spinat- =having spines

Pertaining to beneath the spine (of the scapula)

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12
Q

Rotator cuff

A

-or = one who does
Rotat- rotate
Cuff Old English band

Part of the capsule of the shoulder joint

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13
Q

Subscapularis

A

-is pertaining to
Sub- below
-scapular- scapula

Pertaining to below the scapula

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14
Q

Supraspinatus

A

-us pertaining to
Supra- above
-spinat- having spines

Pertaining to above the spine (of the scapula)

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15
Q

Teresa major

A

Teresa Latin long and round
Major Latin large

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16
Q

Biceps brachii

A

-ceps head
Bi- two
Branch/I of the arm

A muscle of the arm that has two heads or points of origin on the scapula

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17
Q

Branchialis

A

-alis pertaining to
Brachi- arm

Muscle that lies underneath the biceps and is the strongest flexor of the forearm

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18
Q

Bronchioradialis

A

-alis pertaining to
Brachi/i- arm
-radi- radius

Muscle that helps flex the foreatm

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19
Q

Deltoid

A

Delt‐ = triangle
-oid = resembling
Large,fan-shaped muscle connecting the scapula and clavicle to the humerus

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20
Q

Dorsum

Dorsal (adj)

A

Latin back
Dors- = back
-al = pertaining to
Dorsum - The back of any part of the body, including the hand
Dorsal - pertaining to the back of any part of the body

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21
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A

Latiss- = wide
-imus = most
dori = of the back
The widest (broadest) muscle in the back

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22
Q

Retinaculum

A

Retinacul- = hold back
-um = structure
Fibrous ligament that keeps the tendons in place on the wrist so that they do not “bowstring” when the forearm muscles contract

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23
Q

Thenar eminence

Hypothenar

A

Thenar = palm
The fleshly mass at the base of the thumb
eminence = Latin stand out
Hypo - = below, smaller
The fleshly mass at the base of the little finger

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24
Q

Triceps brachii

A

Tri- = three
-ceps = head
Brach/I = of the arm
Muscles of the arm that has three heads or points of origin

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25
Abductor Adduction
Ad- = toward -duct = lead - or that which does something Muscles that moves the thigh towards the midline -ion = action , condition Action of moving toward the midline
26
Calcaneus Calcaneal tendon (Same as Achilles tendon) Achilles
Latin the heel Calcane- = calcaneus The heel bone -al = pertaining to Tendon = Latin sinew The tendon of the heel formed from gastrocnemius and soleus muscles and inserted into the calcaneous Achilles Mythical greek warrior
27
Gastrocnemius
Gastrocnem- cell of leg -ius = pertaining to Major muscle in back of the lower leg (the calf)
28
Gluteus Gluteal (adj) Maximus Medius Minimus
Greek buttocks Glut- = buttocks -eal = pertaining to Refers to one of the three muscles in the buttocks Latin the biggest - Maximus The gluteus Maximus muscle is the largest muscle in the body covering a large part of each buttock Latin middle. - medius The gluteus medius muscle is partly covered by the glutus Maximus Latin smallest - minimus The gluteus minimus is the smallest of the gluteal muscles and lies under the gluteus medius
29
Popliteal fossa
Poplit/e- ham, back of knee -al pertaining to Fossa = Latin trench, ditch The hollow at the back of the knee
30
Quadriceps femoris
Quadri- = four -ceps = head Femor- = femur -is = belonging to, pertaining to An anterior thigh muscle with four heads (origins)
31
Cyst
Greek fluid-filled sac An abnormal, fluid-containing sac
32
Duchesne muscular dystrophy
Muscul- =muscular -ar = pertaining to Dys- = bad,difficult -trophy = nourishment A condition with symmetrical weakness and wasting of pelvic,shoulder, and proximal limb muscles
33
Fibromyalgia
Fibr/o- = fiber -my- = muscle -algja = pain Pain in the muscle fibers
34
Ganglion
Greek swelling Fluid-containing swelling attached to the synovial sheath of a tendon
35
Neurotransmitter (transmitter is a word in itself and begins with a prefix )
Neur/o - = nerve -trans- =across -mitt- = to send -er = agent Chemical agent that relays messages from one nerve cell to the next
36
Rhabdomyolysis
Rhabd/o- = rod shaped -my/o- = muscle -lysis = destruction Destruction of muscle to produce myoglobin
37
Stenosis
Sten/o- = narrow -sis = abnormal condition Narrowing of a passage
38
Strain
Latin to bind Overstretch or tear in a muscle or tendon
39
Sprain
Old English- tear A stretching or tearing of ligaments
40
Tendon Tendinitis or tendonitis
Latin = sinew Fibrous band that connects muscle to bone Tendin- =tendon -itis = inflammation Inflammation of a tendon
41
Tenosynovitis
Ten/o- =tendon -synov- = synovial membrane -itis = inflammation Inflammation of a tendon and its surrounding synovial membrane
42
Antibody
Anti- = against -body = substance Protein produced in response to an antigen
43
Biopsy
Bi- = life -opsy =to view Removal of a tissue from a living person for laboratory examination
44
Creatine kinase
Creat- = flesh -ine = pertaining to Kin- = motion -ase = enzyme Enzymes elevated in the plasma following heart muscle damage
45
Electrode
Electr- = electricity -ode = way,road A device for conducting electricity
46
Electromyography
Electr/o- = electricity -my/o- muscle -graphy = process of recording Recording of electrical activity in a muscle
47
Enzyme
En- = in -zyme =fermenting Protein that includes change in other substances
48
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
Erythr/o- red -cyte= cell Sediment - = settling -ation = process Latin according to a fixed part The speed at which red blood cells sink from drawn blood
49
Inflammation
In- = in -flamm- = flame -ation = process A basic complex of reactions in blood vessles and adjacent tissues in response to injury or abnormal stimulation
50
Ultrasonography
Ultra- = beyond -son/o- sound -graphy = process of recording Delineation of deep structures using sound waves
51
Anabolic steroid
Anabol- to raise up -ic = pertaining to Ster- = solid -old = resembling Prescription drug used by athletes to increase muscle mass
52
Analgesia Analgesic
An- = without -alges- = against -ia = condition State in which pain is reduced -ic = pertaining to Agent that produces analgesia
53
Antipyretic
Anti- = against -pyret- = fever -ic = pertaining to Agent that reduces fever
54
Cytokine
Cyt/o- = cell -kine = movement A hormone like protein that regulates the intensity of an immune response
55
Ingredient
In- = in,into -gredi- = to go -ent = end result,ertaining to An element in a mixture
56
Metabolism Metabolite
Metabol- = change -ism = condition The constantly changing physical and chemical processes in the cell -ite = associated with Any product of metabolism
57
Ultrasound
Ultra- = higher -sound = noise Very high-frequency sound waves
58
Occupational therapy
Occupation- = work -al = pertaining to Therapy Greek medical treatment Use of work and recreational activities to increase independent function
59
Orthotic Orthotist
Orthot- = correct -ic = pertaining to Orthopedic appliance to correct an abnormality -ist = specialist Specialist who makes and fits Orthopedic appliances
60
Physiatry Physiatrist
Phys- = body -iatry = treatment, field of medicine Physical medicine -iatry- = treatment -ist = specialist Specialist in physical medicine
61
Physical medicine
Physic- = body -al = pertaining to Medic- = medicine -ine = pertaining to, substance Diagnosis and treatment by means of remedial agents, such as exercises, manipulation, heat
62
Physical therapy (physiotherapy) Physiotherapy (syn)
Physic- = body -al = pertaining to Therapy Greek medical treatment Use of remedial processes to overcome physical defect Physi/o- = therapy -therapy = treatment Another term for physical therapy
63
Rehabilitation
Re- = again -habilitat- = restore -ion = action,condition Therapeutic restoration of an ability to function as before
64
Therapy Therapist Therapeutic (adj)
Greek medical treatment Systemic treatment of a disease, dysfunction, or disorder Therap- = treatment -ist = specialist Professional trained in the practice of a particular therapy Theraput- = treatment -ic = pertaining to Relating to the treatment of a disease or disorder
65
Amputation
Amput- = prune -ation = process Removal of a limb,part of a limb or other projecting body part
66
Contracture
Contract- = pull together -ure = result of Mucked shortening due to spasm or fibrosis
67
Prosthesis
Greek in addition An artificial part to remedy a defect in the body
68
Restorative REHABILITATION
Restor- = renew -ative = quality of Re- = begin again
68
Restorative REHABILITATION
Restor- = renew -ative = quality of Therapy that promotes the renewal of health and strength Re- = begin again -habilitat = restore -ion = action,process

Medical Terminology II (1 decks)

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