Chapter 15 test Flashcards
(232 cards)
1
Q
Cartilage
A
Flexible connective tissue in the immature skeleton.
2
Q
Cranial Bones
A
Skull bones
3
Q
Calcium
A
The mineral constituent of bone.
4
Q
Acromion
A
Outward extension of the shoulder bone.
5
Q
Cancellous bone
A
Spongy, porous bone tissue in the inner part of bone.
6
Q
Acetabulum
A
Rounded depression or socket in the pelvis.
7
Q
Collagen
A
Dense connective tissue protein strands found in bone.
8
Q
Condyle
A
Knuckle-like process at the end of a bone near a joint.
9
Q
Cartilage articular
A
Thin layer of cartilage surrounding the bones in a joint space.
10
Q
Compact Bone
A
Hard, dense bone tissue usually found around the outer portion of a bone.
11
Q
Diaphysis
A
Shaft
12
Q
Disk
A
Flat, round plate-like structure between two vertebrae.
13
Q
Fontanelle
A
Soft spot between the skull bones of an infant.
14
Q
Facial bones
A
Bones of the face
15
Q
Haversian Canals
A
Minute spaces filled with blood vessels.
16
Q
Epiphysis
A
Each end of a long bone.
17
Q
Foramen
A
Opening or passage in bones where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave.
18
Q
Malleolus
A
Rounded process on both sides of the ankle joint.
19
Q
Ligament
A
Fibrous tissue connecting bones to other bones.
20
Q
Ossification
A
Process of bone formation.
21
Q
Osteoclast
A
Bone cell that absorbs and removes unwanted bone tissue.
22
Q
Mastoid process
A
Round projection on the temporal bone behind the ear.
23
Q
Medullary Cavity
A
Central hollowed-out area in the shaft of a long bone.
24
Q
Manubrium
A
Upper portion of the sternum.
25
Osteoblast
Bone cell that helps form bone tissue
26
Periosteum
Membrane surrounding bones.
27
Osseous Tissue
Bone tissue
28
Metaphysis
Flared portion of a long bone between the diaphysis and the epiphyseal plate.
29
Olecranon
Large process on the proximal end of the ulna.
30
Orthopedist
Medical doctor specializing in bone.
31
Physiatrist
Surgical specialist treating bone, joint, and muscle conditions.
32
Red Bone marrow
Soft bone tissue found in cancellous bone.
33
Trabecular
Supporting bundles of bony fibers in cancellous bone.
34
Sella Turcica
Depression in the sphenoid bone.
35
Styloid Process
Pole-like process extending downward from the temporal bone on each side of the skull.
36
Pubic Symphysis
The area where the two pubic bones come together in the pelvis.
37
Phosphorous
A mineral substance found in bones in combination with calcium.
38
Sinus
Hollow air cavity with a bone
39
Tendon
Fibrous connective tissue connecting muscles and bones.
40
Xiphoid process
A lower, narrow portion of the sternum.
41
Tuberosity
A rounded process on the bone.
42
Ribs
Twelve pairs of elongated, curved bones that form the chest wall.
43
Yellow bone marrow
Fatty tissue found in the medullary cavity of most adult long bones.
44
Vertebra
Individual backbone
45
Epiphyseal Plate
The cartilaginous area at the ends of long bones.
46
Cancellous Bone
Spongy, porous bone tissue
47
Acromion
Outward extension of the shoulder bone.
48
Foramen
An opening in bones where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave.
49
Mastoid Process
The projection of the temporal bone
50
Condyle
Knuckle-like process at the end of a bone.
51
Diaphysis
The shaft of a long bone.
52
Osteodystrophy
Poor formation of bone.
53
Spondylolisthesis
Slipping or subluxation of a vertebra
54
Laminectomy
an operation performed to relieve the symptoms of a slipped disk.
55
Scoliosis
Lateral curvature of the spinal column.
56
Osteomalacia
Vitamin D deficiency leads to softening of bone.
57
Humeral
Pertaining to the upper arm bone.
58
Scapula
The shoulder bone.
59
Fibula
The smaller of two lower leg bones.
60
Osteomyelitis
Inflammation of bone and bone marrow.
61
Bunion
Clubfoot
62
Impacted Fracture
A splinted or crushed bone.
63
Arthroplasty
Surgical repair of a joint.
64
Ankylosis
Condition of stiffening and immobility of a joint.
65
Osteoarthritis
Chronic inflammation of bones and joints due to degenerative changes in cartilage.
66
Gouty Arthritis
Inflammation of joints caused by excessive uric acid accumulation.
67
Leiomyosarcoma
Malignant tumor of smooth muscle.
68
Atrophy
Wasting away of muscle.
69
lamin/oectomy
Removal of a portion of a vertebra to relieve compression on nerves,
70
Kyph/osis
abnormal posterior curvature of thoracic vertebra.
71
Hypercalc/o-emia
Condition of high blood calcium.
72
Scoli/osis
Abnormal condition of posterior curvature of the bone.
73
Lumb/oar
Pertaining to the lower back.
74
Myel/opoiesis
Formation of bone marrow.
75
Oste/omyel/oitis
Inflammation of bone.
76
Oste/ogenesis
formation of bone
77
Vertebral
Pertaining to a backbone
78
Osteodystrophy
Abnormal development of bone
79
Osteoblast
Immature bone cell
80
Osteomalacia
Softening of bones.
81
Osteotrophy
An instrument to cut bone.
82
Spondylolisthesis
Forward slipping of a vertebra over a lower one.
83
Osteoclast
Bone cell that breaks down bone to remove bone tissue.
84
Osteoporosis
Abnormal condition of loss of bone tissue and a decrease in bone mass.
85
Pubic symphysis
Cartilaginous joint connecting two sections of the pubic bone
86
Epiphysis
Each end of a long bone.
87
Exostosis
Bony benign growth arising from the surface of bone.
88
Ewing sarcoma
Rare, malignant tumor arising in bone;occurring in children.
89
Greenstick Fracture
Partially broken bone
90
Pathologic Fracture
Break in bone caused by disease
91
Colles Fracture
Broken bone near the wrist joint at the distal end of the radius
92
Comminuted Fracture
Bone is splinted or crushed into several pieces.
93
Osteogenic Sarcoma
Common malignant tumor arising from osteoblast.
94
Impacted Fracture
A broken bone in which one fragment is driven firmly into the other.
95
Crepitus
The crackling sound produced when ends of bones rub against each other.
96
Compression Fracture
Bone collapses with trauma or as result of osteoporosis
97
Osteomyelitis
Inflammation of bone and bone marrow secondary to infection.
98
Talipes
Congenital abnormally of the hindfoot.
99
Osteoporosis
Decrease in bone density with thinning and weakening of bone
100
Osteomalacia
Softening of bone with inadequate amounts of calcium in bone
101
Osteopenia
Deficiency of bone; a precursor to osteoporosis
102
Suture Joint
Immovable joint between the bones of the skull
103
Articular Cartilage
Smooth, glistening, white tissue that covers the surface of a joint.
104
Ligament
Connective tissue that binds bones to other bones.
105
Synovial Membrane
Tissue lining the synovial cavity.
106
Tendon
Connective tissue that binds muscle to bones.
107
Bursa
Sac of fluid near a joint.
108
Synovial Joint
A freely movable joint.
109
Articulation
Any type of joint
110
Synovial Fluid
Viscous fluid within the synovial space.
111
Synovial cavity
Space between bones at a synovial joint.
112
Meniscus
Cresent-shaped fibrocartilaginous structure in the knee.
113
Osteoarthritis
Progressive, a degenerative joint disease with loss of articular cartilage and hypertrophy of a bone.
114
Ankylosing Spondylitis
Chronic, progressive arthritis with stiffening of joints, primarily of the spine.
115
Sprain
Trauma to joint ligaments without rupture.
116
Lyme disease
Disorder marked by arthritis, myalgia, malaise; cause is a bacterium carried by a tick.
117
SLE
Chronic, inflammation autoimmune disease involving joints, skin, kidneys, nervous system, heart and lungs.
118
Ganglion
Fluid-filled cyst arising from the joint capsules or tendons in the hand.
119
Gouty Arthritis
Inflammation, pain swelling of joints caused by excessive uric acid in the body.
120
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Chronic joint condition with inflammation and pain.
121
Bunion
Enlargement of bone or tissue around the joint at the base of the big toe
122
Dislocation
Displacement of a bone from its joints.
123
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Compression of the median nerve as it passes between ligament and bones and tendons.
124
Herniation of an intervertebral Disk
Abnormal protrusion of cartilaginous tissue into the spinal canal or spinal nerves.
125
Hyperuricemia
High levels of uric acid in the blood.
126
Laminectomy
Removal of a portion of a vertebra to relieve pain from a herniated disk.
127
Podagra
Pain in the big toe caused by collection of uric acid crystals.
128
Sciatica
Pain radiating down the leg due to herniated disk.
129
Sublixation
Partial or incomplete dislocation of a joint.
130
Pyrexia
Fever.
131
Flexion
Bending a muscle, a limb.
132
Abduction
Movement away from the midline of the body.
133
Dorsiflexion
Bending the foot upward (backward)
134
Origin of a muscle
Connection of a muscle to a stationary bone.
135
Rotation
Circular movement around a central point. (axis)
136
Skeletal muscle
Muscle connected to bones; striated or voluntary muscle
137
Pronation
Turning the palm of the hand downward.
138
Adduction
The movement toward the midline of the body
139
Plantar flexion
Bending the sole of the foot downward toward the ground.
140
Supination
Turning the palm of the hand upward
141
Extension
Straightening of a flexed limb.
142
Insertion of a muscle
Connection of a muscle to a bone that moves.
143
Visceral Muscle
Muscle connection to internal organs
144
Fasia
Fibrous membrane separating and enveloping muscles.
145
Calcium
| Phosphorus
2 mineral substances necessary for proper development of bones
146
Frontal bone
Forms the forehead
147
Zygomatic Bone
Cheek bone
148
Maxilla
Upper jaw bone
149
Occipital Bone
Forms the back and base of the skull
150
Mandible
Lower jaw bone
151
Parietal Bone
Forms the roof and upper side of the skull
152
Lacrimal bone
2 paired bones at the corner of each eye
153
Temporal bone
Bone near the ear; connected to the lower jaw
154
Shoulder bone
Scapula
155
Upper arm bone
Humerous
156
Breastbone
sternum
157
thigh bone
Femur
158
Finger bones
phalanges
159
collarbone
clavicle
160
wrist bone
carpals
161
knee cap
patella
162
foot bones
metatarsals
163
backbone
vertebra
164
Calcaneus
Heel bone
165
acetabulum
socket for femur in hip
166
Acromion
projection of scapula
167
Malleolus
Rounded process at the ankle
168
lamina
Part of the vertebral arch
169
Olecranon
elbow bone
170
Pubic symphysis
the anterior part of the hip bone
171
Osteoporosis
a decrease in bone density.
172
Osteogenic sarcoma
Malignant tumor of bone
173
rheumatologist
Doctor specializing in joint disorder.
174
Chondroma
Tumor (Benign) of cartilage
175
tenorrhaphy
Suture of a tendon
176
chondromalacia
softening of cartilage
177
Chondrosarcoma
Tumor (malignant) of cartilage
178
Bursitis
Inflammation of sac of fluid near a joint.
179
Arthrocentesis
Surgical puncture of a joint
180
Chondrocostal
cartilage that is attached to ribs.
181
Acetabul/o
hip socket
182
ankyl/o
stiff
183
arthr/o
joint (6 letters)
184
articul/o
joint (8 letters)
185
burs/o
bursa, sac
186
calc/o
calcium
187
calcane/o
heel
188
carp/o
wrist
189
cervic/o
neck
190
chondr/o
cartilage
191
collarbone
clavicul/o
192
tailbone
coccyg/o
193
ribs
cost/o
194
skull
crani/o
195
fascia
fasci/o
196
thigh bone
femor/o
197
smooth muscle
leiomy/o
198
upper arm bone
humer/o
199
ilium
ili/o
200
ischium
ischi/o
201
kyph/o
humpback
202
lamin/o
lamina
203
lord/o
curve
204
lumb/o
loins
205
malleol/o
malleolus
206
maxill/o
maxilla
207
metacarp/o
metacarpals
208
metatars/o
metatarsals
209
my/o
muscle
210
myel/o
bone marrow
211
myos/o
muscle
212
olecran/o
olecranon
213
orth/o
straight
214
oste/o
bone
215
patell/o
kneecap
216
perone/o
fibula
217
phalang/o
phalanges
218
vertebr/o
vertebra
219
rhabdomy/o
skeletal
220
spondyl/o
vertebra
221
-algia
pain
222
-asthenia
lack of strength
223
-blast
immature cell
224
-clast
to break
225
-desis
to bind
226
-emia
blood condition
227
-listhesis
slipping
228
-malacia
softening
229
-penia
deficiency
230
-porosis
pore
231
-tome
instrument to cut
232
-trophy
development
