Chapter 15. Vital Signs, Oxygen, Chest Tubes, and Lines.

Question 1

Apnea

Answer 1

cessation of spontaneous ventilation

Question 2

Arrhythmia

Answer 2

irregularity of cardiac actions associated with physiologic or pathologic interruption of the neuroconductive tissues of the heart.

Question 3

atelectasis

Answer 3

absence of gas from part or the whole of the lungs as a result of failure of expansion or reabsorption of has from the alveoli.

Question 4

auscultation

Answer 4

listening to sounds of the body, typically through the use of a stethoscope.

Question 5

body temperature

Answer 5

measurement of the degree of heat of the deep tissues of the human body.

Question 6

bradycardia

Answer 6

slowness of the heartbeat as evidenced by slowing of the pulse rate to less than 60 beats per minute.

Question 7

cardiac output

Answer 7

amount of blood ejected from the ventricles each minute; calculated as the product of stroke volume times heart rate.

Question 8

diaphoresis

Answer 8

profuse sweating

Question 9

diastolic

Answer 9

pertaining to dilation, or a period of relaxation of the heart, especially of the ventricles.

Question 10

Dyspnea

Answer 10

difficult or labored breathing.

Question 11

febrile

Answer 11

pertaining to or characterized by fever.

Question 12

fibrillation

Answer 12

quivering contraction of cardiac muscle fibers.

Question 13

homeostasis

Answer 13

constancy in the internal environment of the body, naturally maintained by adaptive responses that promote healthy survival.

Question 14

hypertension

Answer 14

persistently high arterial blood pressure.

Question 15

hyperthermia

Answer 15

abnormally high body temperature, especially that induced for therapeutic purposes.

Question 16

hypotension

Answer 16

abnormally low blood pressure; seen in shock but not necessarily indicative of shock.

Question 17

hypothermia

Answer 17

low body temperature

Question 18

hypoxemia

Answer 18

decreased oxygen tension (concentration) in the blood.

Question 19

intubation

Answer 19

insertion of a tubular device into a canal, hollow organ, or cavity.

Question 20

orthopnea

Answer 20

difficulty breathing exempt when sitting up or standing erect.

Question 21

pleural effusion

Answer 21

increased amounts of fluid within the pleural cavity, usually the result of inflammation.

Question 22

Pneumothorax

Answer 22

presence of air or gas in the pleural cavity.

Question 23

pulse oximeter

Answer 23

photoelectric device used for determining the oxygen saturation of the blood.

Question 24

spyhgmomanometer

Answer 24

instrument for measuring blood pressure.

Question 25

systolic

Answer 25

pertaining to tightening, or a period of contraction of the heart (myocardium), especially that of the ventricles.

Question 26

tachycardia

Answer 26

rapidity of the heart action, usually defined as a heart rate greater than 100 beats per minute.

Question 27

tachypnea

Answer 27

abnormal rapidity of breathing.

Question 28

tidal volume

Answer 28

the volume of air inhaled and exhaled during one reparatory cycle.

Question 29

ventilation

Answer 29

mechanical movement of air into and out of the lungs.

Question 30

Rectal thermometry is believed to most accurately reflect core body temperature measures. Use of which alternative thermometer provides measures that closely correlate to the rectal method?

Answer 30

Temporal

Question 31

``` A patient is thought to have suffered cardiac arrest. The ____________ peripheral artery may be assessed to verify the effectiveness of chest compressions during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. 1, Apical
 2. Femoral 
3. Radial a. 1, 2 b. 1, 3 c. 2, 3 d. 1, 2 & 3 ```

Answer 31

Femoral and radial

Question 32

In the healthy adult the normal range for blood pressure is

Answer 32

120 (systolic)/80 (diastolic)

Question 33

Hypoxia is

Answer 33

a state describing oxygen-deficient tissue

Question 34

Which of the following devices can be classified as a high-flow oxygen delivery device? a. air-entrainment mask b. nasal cannula c. simple mask d. nonrebreathing mask

Answer 34

Air-entrainment mask.

Question 35

Regarding oxygen delivery, all of the following are true except a. Oxygen dose is ordered in liters per minute or in concentration as a fractional concentration of oxygen. b. The maximum dose should always be given to obtain the desired results. c. The oxygen flowmeter is green in color. d. The regulator attached to the oxygen tank consists of a flowmeter and pressure manometer

Answer 35

The maximum dose should always be given to obtain the desired results.

Question 36

An artificial airway is inserted into a patient’s the trachea and connected to a mechanical ventilator. In this circumstance, all of the following are true statements except: a. the ventilator delivers a minimum set respiratory rate. b. the inspiratory volume is preset. c. a consistent FiO2 is delivered. d. during chest imaging, the radiographer must fully extend the patient’s neck for proper head position.

Answer 36

during chest imaging, the radiographer must fully extend the patient's neck for proper head position.

Question 37

A properly placed endotracheal tube will be radiographically confirmed when the

Answer 37

distal tip is positioned 1 inch superior to the tracheal bifurcation

Question 38

Thoracostomy tubes are

Answer 38

chest tubes used to drain the intrapleural space

Question 39

Regarding the electrocardiographic tracing, all of the following are true except: a. Repolarization of atrial muscle cells is represented by the P wave. b. The QRS-complex represents depolarization of ventricular muscle cells. c. The S portion of the QRS complex represents a return to the baseline (isoelectric point). d. The U wave is theorized to represent repolarization of the papillary muscles and Purkinje fibers.

Answer 39

Repolarization of atrial muscle cells is represented by the P wave.