Chapter 15 vocab Flashcards
(30 cards)
Louis XIV
- Louis XV - grandson of Louis XIV and king of France from 1715 to 1774 who led France into the War of the Austrian Succession and the Seven Years’ War (1710-1774).
Peter the Great
czar of Russia who introduced ideas from western Europe to reform the government; he extended his territories in the Baltic and founded St. Petersburg (1682-1725).
William the Great Elector
Frederick William. noun. 1. (“the Great Elector”) 1620–88, elector of Brandenburg who increased the power and importance of Prussia. 2.
Czar
an emperor of Russia before 1917.
Absolutism
the acceptance of or belief in absolute principles in political, philosophical, ethical, or theological matters.
Boyar
a member of the old aristocracy in Russia, next in rank to a prince.
Ivan IV
known as Ivan the Terrible. 1530–84, grand duke of Muscovy (1533–47) and first tsar of Russia (1547–84). He conquered Kazan (1552), Astrakhan (1556), and Siberia (1581), but was defeated by Poland in the Livonian War (1558–82) after which his rule became increasingly oppressive. Ivan IV in Culture Expand.
Divine right
divine right of kings definition. The doctrine that kings and queens have a God-given right to rule and that rebellion against them is a sin. This belief was common through the seventeenth century and was urged by such kings as Louis xiv of France. (See absolute monarchy.)
Henry IV
Henry IV. 1050–1106. Holy Roman emperor and king of Germany (1056–1106) who struggled for power with Pope Gregory VII. Twice excommunicated, Henry appointed an antipope (1084) to crown him emperor, invaded Italy, and was dethroned by his sons. Known as “Henry Bolingbroke.”
War of Spanish Secession
The War of the Spanish Succession (1701-14) was the first world war of modern times with theatres of war in Spain, Italy, Germany, Holland, and at sea. Charles II, king of Spain, died in 1700 without an heir. In his will he gave the crown to the French prince Philip of Anjou.
Thirty Years War
Thirty Years’ War definition. A war waged in the early seventeenth century that involved France, Spain, Sweden, Denmark, Austria, and numerous states of Germany. The causes of the war were rooted in national rivalries and in conflict between Roman Catholics and Protestants.
Catherine the Great
Catherine the Great definition. An empress of Russia in the late eighteenth century who encouraged the cultural influences of western Europe in Russia and extended Russian territory toward the Black Sea. She is also known for her amorous intrigues, including affairs with members of her government.
Window to the West
V - The Window on the West - Frodo and Sam are captured by Faramir’s men and they are blindfolded on their way to Henneth Annûn. Frodo and Faramir discuss Boromir’s death
Maria Theresa
proper noun. (1717–80), Archduchess of Austria, queen of Hungary and Bohemia 1740–80. The daughter of the Emperor Charles VI, she succeeded to the Habsburg dominions in 1740 by virtue of the Pragmatic Sanction.
Pragmatic Sanction
an imperial or royal ordinance or decree that has the force of law.
Hapsburg
a German princely family founded by Albert, count of Hapsburg (1153). From 1440 to 1806, the Hapsburgs wore the imperial crown of the Holy Roman Empire almost uninterruptedly. They also provided rulers for Austria, Spain, Hungary, Bohemia, etc.
Austria, Seven Years War
Seven Years’ War, (1756–63), the last major conflict before the French Revolution to involve all the great powers of Europe. Generally, France, Austria, Saxony, Sweden, and Russia were aligned on one side against Prussia, Hanover, and Great Britain on the other.Jan 29, 2016
Frederick the Great
Frederick the Great. … Definitions of Frederick the Great. n king of Prussia from 1740 to 1786; brought Prussia military prestige by winning the War of the Austrian Succession and the Seven Years’ War (1712-1786) Synonyms: Frederick II Example of: Rex, king, male monarch. a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom.
Frederick William I
Frederick William I (German: Friedrich Wilhelm I) (14 August 1688 – 31 May 1740), known as the ‘Soldier King,’ was the King in Prussia and Elector of Brandenburg from 1713 until his death, as well as the father of Frederick the Great.
Glorious Revolution
The Glorious Revolution, also called the Revolution of 1688, was the overthrow of King James II of England (James VII of Scotland) by a union of English Parliamentarians with the Dutch stadtholder William III of Orange.
Spanish Armada
a Spanish naval invasion force sent against England by Philip II of Spain in 1588. It was defeated by the English fleet and almost completely destroyed by storms off the Hebrides.
James I, Puritans
Under James I of England, the Puritan movement co-existed with the conforming Church of England in what was generally an accepted form of episcopal Protestant religion. This equilibrium was disturbed towards the end of this period by several new developments, doctrinal from the Synod of Dort, political from the discussion of the Spanish Match shortly after the outbreak of the Thirty Years War, and internal to the Church with a partial shift of views away from Calvinism. Separatists who had never accepted King James’s settlement of religious affairs began migrating to New England colonies, from the Netherlands as well as England.
Queen Elizabeth
Queen of England and Ireland (1558-1603) who succeeded the Mary I, a Catholic, and reestablished Protestantism in England. Her reign was marked by several plots to overthrow her, the execution of Mary Queen of Scots (1587), the defeat of the Spanish Armada (1588), and domestic prosperity and literary achievement.
Charles, I
1600-1649. King of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1625-1649). His power struggles with Parliament resulted in the English Civil War (1642-1648) in which Charles was defeated. He was tried for treason and beheaded in 1649.
