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Phsiology > Chapter 16-17 > Flashcards

Chapter 16-17 Flashcards

0
Q

What is the name given to the neurons that monitor carbon dioxide levels in the blood and are located in the carotid and aortic arteries

A

Chemoreceptors

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1
Q

Where is the cardiovascular center located

A

Medulla

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2
Q

A (long,short) blood vessels with a (small,large) diameter would have the greatest resistance to blood flow

A

Long, small

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3
Q

Pulmonary circulation goes from the (right, left) (atrium, ventricle) to the (right, left) (atrium, ventricle)

A

Right ventricle

Left atrium

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4
Q

Which blood Vessels contain blood with the highest oxygen content

A

Pulmonary veins

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5
Q

From which major blood vessels do all systemic blood Vessels branch

A

Aorta

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6
Q

Which circulatory route brings blood to the tissues and back to the heart

A

Systemic

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7
Q

Which circulatory path carries blood rich in substances absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract

A

Hepatic portal

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8
Q

(Arteries, veins) (closest to, farthest from) the heart have the lowest blood blood pressure

A

Veins, closest to

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9
Q

Vascular resistance is primarily to due which factor?

A

Friction between blood walls

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10
Q

When the left ventricle contracts, what term is given to the pressure in arteries that is generated

A

Systolic

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11
Q

In fetal circulation, which structure connects the fetal pulmonary trunk to the aorta, allowing much blood to bypass the lungs

A

Ductus artorious

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12
Q

Stimulation of the _____ would cause the heart rate to decrease

A

Vagus nerve

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13
Q

In the fetus, what is the opening that allows blood to pass directly from the right atrium to the left atrium

A

Foremen ovale

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14
Q

With aging, cardiac muscle fibers ____ in size

A

Decrease

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15
Q

Deafness of the body that are present at birth are referred to as ____ immunity

A

Innate

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16
Q

The feral circulation differs from the adult circulation because of which organ system that is nonfunctional?

A

Respiratory

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17
Q

As blood passes from the superior and inferior vena cavae to the lungs, it moves through the (right, left) (atrium, ventricle) to the (right, left) (atrium, ventricle) and out through the (pulmonary trunk, pulmonary veins)

A

Right atrium
Right ventricle
Pulmonary trunk

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18
Q

Carry blood away from heart

A

Arteries

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19
Q

Vessels with high blood pressures

A

Arteries

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20
Q

Vessels with the fastest flow

A

Arteries

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21
Q

Vessels that exchange food and waste between blood and tissues

A

Capillaries

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22
Q

Vessels that return interstitial fluid to the bloodstream

A

Lymphatic vessels

23
Q

Vessels with slowest blood flow

A

Capillaries

24
Q

Vessels with a thick muscle layer

A

Arteries

25
Q

Vessels with very thin walls, only have a single layer of cells

A

Capillaries

26
Q

Vessels with the smallest internal diameter

A

Capillaries

27
Q

Vessels with a very thin muscle layer

A

Veins

28
Q

Vessels that exhibit a pulse

A

Arteries

29
Q

Vessels that bring blood to almost every cell in the body

A

Capillaries

30
Q

Known as “exchange vessels”

A

Capillaries

31
Q

What are the cells that migrate to the thymus and when mature are able to attack microbes directly

A

T-cells

32
Q

What name is given to blood flow from the heart to the lungs?

A

Pulmonary

33
Q

Blood pressure in measured by listening for a constricted _____ to “pop” open

A

Artery

34
Q

The backward flow of fluid in veins and lymphatics is prevented by ____

A

Valves

35
Q

The most important function of the circulatory system is to _____ materials to and from all cells

A

Transport

36
Q

Which layer of an artery contains thick, smooth muscle?

A

Middle

37
Q

Venous blood returns to the heart due to_____ movement me and skeletal muscular contractions

A

Breathing

38
Q

Name several blood vessels commonly used to take the pulse

A

Radial, carotid, brachial, popliteal dorsal

39
Q

What are the two main methods of capillary exchange?

A

Filtration and reabsorption

40
Q

Blood pressure is read with an______

A

Sphygmomanometer

41
Q

Blood typically flows from the heart first to _______, then to _____, then to ______

A

Arteries
Capillaries
Veins

42
Q

What is the structure whose main function is exchange of nutrients and gases between the blood and tissue

A

Capillaries

43
Q

The force in which blood pushed against arterial walls during ventricular contraction is called _____ blood pressure

A

Systolic

44
Q

The hollow center of blood vessels through which blood flows

A

Luman

45
Q

Lymph is very similar to the body fluid

A

Interstitial

46
Q

Structurally, lymphatic vessels mist resemble theses vessels of the body

A

Veins

47
Q

Which blood pressure would be considered to be normal?

A

108/68

48
Q

Which type of blood vessel is referred to as a blood reservoir

A

Veins

49
Q

The pulmonary circulation carries blood from the heart to the lungs and back to this chamber

A

Left atrium

50
Q

The exchange of materials between fetal and maternal circulation occurs through this structure

A

Placenta

51
Q

Name some factors that vascular resistance related to

A

Blood viscosity, blood vessel length and radius

52
Q

At rest, most of the blood is contained in these vessels

A

Veins

53
Q

In an overweight person, the factor must likely to increase systemic vessel resistance

A

Vessel length

54
Q

A foreign substance that provokes an immune response in the body

A

Antigen

55
Q

Which receptors are involved in monitoring blood pressure

A

Baroreceptors

Phsiology (2 decks)

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