Chapter 16

Question 1

The corrections of error in base pairing made during DNA replication is done by ?

Answer 1

DNA polymerase

Question 2

Mismatched pairs are removed and replaced by DNA polymerase ? T or F

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What is the purpose of excision repair?

Answer 3

To correct damage that distorts the DNA double helix

Question 4

The two types of excision repair

Answer 4

Nucleotide and base excision repair

Question 5

What is the differance in Nucleotide excision repair and base excison repair?

Answer 5

Nucleotide removes and repairs the entire nucleotide
base excision removes and repairs only the incorrect base

Question 6

The purpose of recombinational repair?

Answer 6

Corrects the DNA that has both bases of a pair missing or damaged

Question 7

Rec A aligns the damaged DNA with the second copy of the genome. T or F

Answer 7

True

Question 8

The SOS response purpose is ?

Answer 8

It is an inducible repair system, used when damage is too far for normal mechanisms

Question 9

In the absence of DNA damage what occurs to the SOS gene

Answer 9

LexA binds to SOS gene promoter, inhibiting expression

Question 10

What occurs during SOS repsonse when DNA is damaged ?

Answer 10

RecA protiens are expressed and they localize the damaged ss DNA strands

Question 11

Rec A serves as a locator for LexA, which allows for it to bind. It activates the degradation of Lex A, thus inhibting SOS genes. T or F

Answer 11

False

It allows for SOS genes to be expressed for transcritption

Question 12

def of vertical gene transfer

Answer 12

transfer of genes from parents to progeny

Question 13

horizontal gene transfer

Answer 13

genes from one independent mature organism to another

Question 14

In horizontal gene transfer genes can only be transferred to the same species, not different species. T or F

Answer 14

false

they can do both

Question 15

Conjugation def.

Answer 15

DNA transferred from a donor

Question 15

DNA that is acquired directly from enviroment is called conjugation. T or F

Answer 15

False

transformation

Question 16

DNA that is transported in a bacteriophage

Answer 16

transduction

Question 17

Integration

Answer 17

Donor DNA Pairs with recipients DNA and recombines

Question 18

What is the DNA fate in the recipient

Answer 18

Integration-pairs
Separate existence of DNA- stays seperate
Degradation-Crispr

Question 19

How are genetic elements able to move within and between genomes?

Answer 19

Via transposition

Question 20

What are other ways to call the elements that are able to move within and between genomes?

Answer 20

Transposable elements or transposons

Question 21

Composite transposon

Answer 21

contain gene unrelated to transposition

Question 21

In simple transposition what enzyme catalyzes the excision of the mobile genetic element

Answer 21

Transposase

Question 22

what occurs in replicative transposition?

Answer 22

mobile geneic element remains at original site in DNA Copy is inserted to the new DNA site

Question 23

Small double stranded DNA molecules

Answer 23

Conjugative plasmids

Question 25

What type of plasmid can have their own replication orgins and replicate autonomously and stability inherited

Answer 25

Conjugative plasmid

Question 26

The F factor is how many base pairs long?

Answer 26

100,000 bp

Question 27

Bears genes responsible for cell attachment and plasmid transfer between E.coli cells

Answer 27

F factor

Question 28

The F factor contains 30 plasmid transfer genes in the tra operon

Answer 28

False they contain 28

Question 29

Episome that can exist outside chromosome or be integrated? T o F

Answer 29

true

Question 30

extrachromosomal f factor carrying genes for sex pilus formation and plasmid transfer

Answer 30

F+ strain

Question 31

Hfr Conjugation

Answer 31

Donor transfers chromosomal genes but does not change recipients into f+cells

Question 32

Immunity genes

Answer 32

resistance genes that exist in nature to protect antibiotic producing microbes from their own antibiotics

Question 33

where can resistance genes can be found

Answer 33

bacterial chromosomes plasmids transposons other mobile genetic elements

Question 34

can be transferred to other cells by HGT, their genes code fro enzymes that destroy or modify drugs

Answer 34

resistant plasmids