Chapter 16 Flashcards
(36 cards)
a device that converts digital data into analog data
modem
the collection of programs that contain instructions for displaying words and images on the screen for the user to see, saving information on the disk drive, and detecting what the user types on the keyboard
operating system
the actual physical components of the computer
hardware
a kilobyte is ____ bytes
1024
integrated circuits are more reliable, ____, and_____
cheaper and small
the first general-purpose electronic computer
ENIAC
the largest computer network
Internet
a versatile, computer-directed machine that can be programmed to do different tasks
robot
the two main types of software are system software and ____ software
application
branch of electricity that deals with the behavior and motion of electrons in a vacuum or in special materials
electronics
a single chip containing a complete CPU
microprocessor
the most common type of transistor used today
field-effect transistor
in the manufacturing of integrated circuits, raw materials are coated onto a wafer made of ____
silicon
the system of using codes called URLs to identify specific pieces of information and indicate what method should be used to access the information
World Wide Web
a system of using the Internet to access computer resources that store, process, and manage users’ data
cloud computing
the “brain” of the computer
CPU
allows the CPU to store programs and information
memory
not a reason for doping a semiconductor
reduces cost
used to store information permanently
ROM
the type of particle cathode rays are made out of
cathodes
the number of bits in a byte
eight
any general-purpose computer that can be accessed by many users at once
server
the photovoltaic cell and light-emitting diode are examples of ____-state devices
solid
a computer designed to perform only a few functions is a _____-purpose computer
special
