Chapter 16 Aerial Fire Apparatus Flashcards
(125 cards)
1
Q
When designing or selecting apparatus to serve the communities, fire departments consider a variety of factors including:
A
- Maneuverability
- Most common tasks required
- Amount of equipment that the apparatus will need to carry.
- Budget constraints
- Insurance industry recommendations
- Planning department recommendations
- The number of responders the apparatus will need to carry
2
Q
All Ariel apparatus should meet the design requirements of the addition of the NFPA _____that was in effect at the time the apparatus was manufactured.
A
1901
3
Q
What are the three basic categories for aerial devices.
A
Aerial ladder apparatus
Elevated platform Apparatus
Water towers
4
Q
What are the three subcategories of elevating platform Apparatus.
A
Aerial ladder platforms
Telescoping aerial platforms
Articulating Ariel platforms
5
Q
Fire fighting vehicle equipped with a hydraulically operated ladder, elevating platform, or other similar device for the purpose of placing personnel and or water streams and elevated position
A
Ariel apparatus
6
Q
General term used to describe the hydraulically operated ladder or elevating platform attached to a specifically designed fire apparatus.
A
Ariel device
7
Q
Power operated latter, usually employing hydraulics, that is mounted on a special truck chassis.
A
Ariel ladder
8
Q
Trailer equipped with steerable rear wheels.
A
Tillered trailer
9
Q
Assembly of bracing bars or rods and triangular shape that form a rigid frame work for the aerial device.
A
Ariel ladder truss
10
Q
The bottom section of the aerial ladder is referred to as:
A
Base or bed section
11
Q
Second and Subsequent sections that extend beyond the base section or called:
A
Fly section
12
Q
What are the two most common materials for construction of aerial ladders?
A
Heat treated aluminum alloy and steel.
13
Q
T or F: The fabricated structural members may be fastened by rivets or the entire truss segment may be welded(steel)or Heliarced( aluminum alloy)
A
True
14
Q
What are the three main portions of aerial ladders to which firefighters and driver operators commonly referred to:
A
Base rails( beams)
Top rails
Rungs
15
Q
This portion of the aerial ladder are the lower chords of the aerial ladder to which the rungs, trusses, and other portions of the ladder are attached:
A
Base rails( beams)
16
Q
This part of the aerial ladder or the top chords to which the opposite ends of the trussing are attached:
A
Top rails( hand rails)
17
Q
This part of the aerial ladder are attached between the two base rails in our use as steps for personnel on the aerial ladder. Aerial ladders designed and built with “K”bracing as the standard feature provide greater strength and those with older design.
A
Rungs
18
Q
This NFPA standard Establishes requirements for the dimensions of sections and structural members of the aerial ladder.
A
1901
19
Q
T or F: Time criteria for an apparatus is based on it’s Ariel type.
A
True
20
Q
This is a device that transfers The center of gravity of an apparatus and prevents it from tipping as an aerial device, hydraulic lifting boom, gin pole, or A-Fame is extend it away from the centerline of the chassis.
A
Stabilizer
21
Q
What are the four main components in an aerial device hydraulic system.
A
-Actuators( Transforms power into mechanical force)
-Hydraulic fluid(Is the medium by which the system transmits force)
Hydraulic pump
Hydraulic reservoir
22
Q
T or F;In an aerial device hydraulic system the pump is powered by a power take of arrangement of the vehicles main engine. Depending on the manufacture of the aerial device, the pump used for the hydraulic system is either a load sensing piston pump, rotary vane pump, or rotary gear positive displacement pump.
A
True
23
Q
Hydraulic fluid is used because it is practically incompressible, and it allows force to be transmitted over a relatively large distance with little loss of power. Depending on the manufacture of the aerial apparatus, the fluid may be under pressures of:——— psi
A
3500psi
24
Q
In an aerial hydraulic system this reservoir supplies the hydraulic fluid that is moved in and out of the system. Fluid displays from the system flows back into the reservoir for storage before being re-circulated to the system.
A
Hydraulic reservoir
25
This component of the aerial device hydraulic system allows air, heat, and foreign matter to be eliminated from the fluid before it is re-introduced into the hydraulic system. Filters and exchange type oil coolers are used to supplement the reservoirs ability to condition the fluid.
Hydraulic reservoir’s
26
A series of tubes and hoses supply hydraulic fluid throughout the system. Most manufacturers use steel tubing and aircraft type, steel braided hoses. Hoses must be rated to it stay in pressures at least ______greater than normal operating pressures.
4 times
27
T or F: And a aerial device hydraulic system valves start, stop, regulate, and direct the flow of fluid to control pressure in the system. Vals may be controlled manually, electronically, hydraulically, mechanically, or buy a combination of these methods.
True
28
In an aerial apparatus hydraulic system this type of valve prevents flow from flowing backward through a component and acts as a safety feature in the event that a leak develops in the system.
Check valve
29
In an aerial apparatus hydraulic system this type of valve limits to pressure buildup in the system, thus preventing damage due to over pressurization.
Relief valves
30
This type of valve is a three-way valve on a fire department aerial apparatus the directs oil to either stabilizer control valves or the aerial device control valves.
Selector valves(transfer or diverter valve)
31
A ___________ in a housing diverts fluid flowing Through the valve assembly to one work port or another, while at the same time blocking flow to the unneeded work port. By blocking the flow to the system not in use, the selector valve acts as a interlock to prevent the stabilization and Ariel device systems from operating at the same time.
Sliding spool
32
These selector valves are equipped with __________ interlocks which allowed to driver/operator to use functions that are determined saved by a micro processor or other system
Electronic or mechanical interlocks
33
T or F: Once the hydraulic fluid is directed into one operating system or the other, actuator valves, monitor valves, stack valves, and proportional directional control valves are used to direct into control the power in the system. These valves tend to be four or five way valves.
True
34
Hydraulic cylinders convert energy in the system into linear ____ or______when pressurized hydraulic oil is directed into a chamber created by fittings a piston into a cylindrical barrel.
Linear mechanical force or motion
35
These type of cylinders are capable of receiving oil under pressure from both sides of the piston so that force can be created in either direction.
Double acting
36
T or F: hydraulic motors convert energy in the system into rotary motion. There are two rotary motor systems of the apparatus. One rotates to aerial device to a ring and pinion drive in the other operate a winch drive to extend and retract the aerial device.
True
37
Hydraulic cylinders used to lift the aerial device from it bad to a working position also known as elevation cylinders or lift cylinders.
Hoisting cylinder
38
Most modern Aerial and Apparatus is our equipped with hydraulically operate a stabilizer sometimes called:
Outriggers
39
This type of cylinder is heavy, seamless steel Outer shells board to an extremely smooth inside surface, the cylinders are often chrome plated on the inside to resist friction and wear and are enclosed at the top and the bottom with removable caps. A solid piston rod, Packed and tightly filled with rings, is position inside each cylinder.
Hoisting cylinder
40
In an aerial device hoisting cylinder the end of the piston rod outside the cylinder is fitted with a: ______ that is anchored to the aerial device or to the turntable, depending on the make of the apparatus.
Trunnion
41
In a hydraulic cylinder, the pivoting end of the piston rod that is connected to the anchor ear by the heel pain.
Trunnion
42
And an aerial device hosting cylinder the normal hydraulic pressure is from______ to_____ psi
850-3,000psi
43
Most newly designed aerial devices use extension cylinders, which are dual cylinders fitted on the base section and used to extend the second section of the device.
True
44
What are other terms used to describe an aerial ladder Apparatus?
Ladder
The truck
The aerial
The stick
45
Aerial ladder is defined as:
A power operated ladder that allows firefighters to easily ascend and descend between a tip of the ladder and the turntable for fire fighting or rescue operations.
46
Aerial ladders in North America fully extended lengths range from ___ft to ___ ft
50-137ft
47
And an aerial ladder Apparatus The working height is measured from?
From the ground to the highest ladder rung with the ladder at maximum elevation an extension.
48
Some aerial Apparatus models manufactured and used in the US and overseas far may reach an excess of ____feet.
200ft
49
What are the main uses for Ariel ladders?
- Rescue
- Ventilation
- Elevated master stream applications
- Gaining access to upper levels of an emergency scene.
50
The aerial ladder maybe mounted to either a two or three axle single chassis vehicle or on a tractor drawn type vehicle vehicle
True
51
Aerial ladder apparatus that consist of a tractor power unit and trailer section that contains the aerial ladder, ground ladders, equipment storage areas. The trailer section is steered independently of the tractor by the tiller operator.
Tractor drawn Aerial and Apparatus(TDA)( tiller trucks)
52
Work platform attached t the end of an articulating or telescoping Aerial device.
Elevating platform
53
Power operated ladder,Usually employing hydraulics, with a passenger carrying device attached to the end of the ladder.
Aerial ladder platform
54
And elevating platform equipped with piping systems and nozzles for elevated master scream operations. Telescoping Aerial devices are not meant to be climbed and are equipped with a small ladder that is to be used only for escape from the platform an emergency situation..
Telescoping aerial platform
55
Aerial device that consist of two or more booms that are attached with hinges and operate in a folding manner. A passenger caring platform is attached to the working end of the device.
Articulating Aerial platform
56
A 4 inch metal plate that runs around the bottom edge of a railing or on a balcony or elevated walkway to prevent someone’s foot from slipping off.
Kick plate
57
And elevated platform _____ is required so that the platforms position is horizontal to the ground at all times. They required Minimum floor area of a platform is 14 ft.²
Leveling system
58
Each elevating platform must have a rail completely enclosing the floor area with no opening under the railing greater than _____inches
24 inches
59
This NF PA standard requires a protective waterfog curtain nozzle be provided at the bottom of platform.
1901
60
NFPA 1901 requires a waterfog curtain to flow at least ____ gpm
75gpm
61
Oh elevating platforms must have a minimum load capacity of _____pounds when the aerial device is fully extended, at any elevation within its normal range of motion and no water in the piping system.
750 lbs
62
When the elevating platform water delivery system is charged the load requirement drops to_____lbs
500lbs
63
And elevating platforms the water delivery system must be capable Discharging at least____GPMs at ______psi nozzle pressure when the aerial device is an any position position.
1000gpms
| 100psi
64
Elevating platforms that are 110 feet or shorter should be able to raise from the bedded position to the maximum elevation and extension and to be rotated ______ degrees in ____seconds or less.
90° in 150 seconds
65
T or F: there are no time requirement for elevating platforms taller than 110 feet.
True
66
Fire fighting equipment and an elevated platform typically includes ______or_____permanently mounted elevated master stream nozzles that are supplied by water system incorporated within the booms or the ladder.
1 or 2
67
Aerial ladder platforms commonly range in size from _____to ____feet
85 -110ft
68
This type of aerial platforms features a work platform attached the end of an aerial ladder. This design combines the safety of a work platform with a climbable aerial ladder.
Aerial ladder platforms
69
The most common area a ladder platform Apparatus in service today is the street chassis, three axle vehicle with a rear mounted Aerial device
True
70
T o F: The NFPA classifies aerial ladder platforms and telescoping aerial platforms together, although there are differences in the design to influence the capabilities of each.
True
71
What are the main differences between Aerial ladder platforms and telescoping Aerial platforms
- Aerial ladder platforms are designed with a large ladder that allows firefighters and victims to climb either direction on the ladder.
- telescoping aerial platforms are not intended for climbing. Generally they are equipped with a smaller ladder attached to the boom. For means of escape.
72
What is the common size of an telescoping aerial platform in North America.
75-100 ft
73
A mechanically applied rivetUsed in the construction of some aerial devices.
Huck bolt( can be removed by drilling out the river).
74
This type of aerial platform device have two or more sections and are made of either box beam construction or tubular truss beam construction.
Telescoping Aerial platform
75
This type of telescoping Aerial platform construction consist of four sides of steel or aluminum weld it together to form a box shaped with a hollow center.Hydraulic lines, airlines, electrical cords, and waterway may be encased within the center or on the outside of the box beam construction.
Box beam construction
76
What is a standard range in height of a articulating Aerial platform.
55-85 feet.
77
Compared to telescoping Aerial platforms what is the additional benefit of an articulating Aerial platform.
Up and over maneuvers. Making is easier to get into places where an Articulating Aerial device cannot.
78
What is the common size of a combination telescoping in articulating aerial platform.
90-174 ft
79
Aerial device primarily intended for deploying a elevated master stream not generally intended for climbing operations.
Water tower
80
What are the common sizes of water towers( elevated master streams)
50-130 ft
81
Water towers have a common range of GPM from 1000 to 5000 GPM
True
82
Apparatus that serves as an engine and is a ladder truck.
Quint
83
What classifies a Fire Apparatus as a quint?
```
Fire pump
Water tank
Supply and attack hose
Grounds ladders
Aerial device or elevated platform.
```
84
And most Aerial devices third, fourth, and fifth section of the aerial device or extended and retracted by system of: In addition this type of drive system may also be used to retract and extend to hear your device.
Cables and pulleys.- dual chain drive
85
The extension and retraction of cables are usually corrosive resistant aircraft quality cables made with a very high strength steel called______ which is resistant to abrasions.
Plow steel.
86
Aerials using a main cable drum can be powered ____,_____,_______, Depending on the make of the apparatus
Mechanically, hydraulically, or electrically
87
These allowed to various sections of the aerial device to extend and retract without causing excessive wear on the parts of the device that can come in contact with each other during operation
Slide and rollers.
| In addition slide pads , blocks, and rollers
88
Rotational structural component of the arrow device it’s primary function is to provide continuous rotation on a horizontal plane.
Turntables
89
Turn tables generally operate on:
Large shear ball type bearings. Turntable bearing bolts are used to secure the bearings
90
These are mounted on the periphery of the turntable which engages gears that rotate the turntable. These gears are driven by a mechanical drive and an electric or hydraulic motor.
Gear teeth.
91
Hey safety device that prevents a component from functioning one another component is functioning
Interlock
92
This interlock device :the aerial device function must not activate unless the stabilizers are fully deployed.
Aerial/stabilizer
93
Interlock device: The device will not move until regions where it would make contact with body or cab.
Buddy collision
94
Interlock device: The aerial device will not rotate over the side of the apparatus where stabilizers are not fully extended.
Rotation interlock( short jack)
95
Interlock device: The device will slow down before reaching maximum elevation or extension.
Maximum elevation slow down
96
Interlock device: The device or not retract completely without the activation of the retract override function.
Retraction
97
Interlock device: The device will not drop into the cradle if the master stream nozzle is not properly positioned.
Nozzle stow
98
Interlock device: The aerial device will not operate until the parking brakes have been set in the transmission has been placed into neutral or the transmission is in the drive position with the driveline to the rear axle disengaged.
Aerial function interlocks
99
Interlock device: The cab will not raise if the engine is running.
Cab interlock
100
Interlock device: The engine starter will not work unless the tiller operator is seated and buckle, or a tiller cab start button is engaged.
Tiller operator interlock
101
The oldest type of pre-piped aerial ladder water way which is a non-telescoping section of pipe, usually three or 3 1/2 inches in diameter, attached to the bottom underside of the bed section of the aerial letter for the purpose of deploying an elevated master stream.
Bed ladder pipe
102
And telescoping waterways generally the minimum internal diameter in the piping system is?
4inches
103
Most telescoping waterway systems are capable of flowing up to____ gpm
1000
104
Mechanical means to secure the master stream monitor to the ladder, anchoring mechanisms may include pins, levers, or clamps.
Pin
105
Hose appliance with one female inlet and two or more male outlets, the outlets are usually smaller than the inlet and are usually gated.
Wye
106
What are the main components of the detachable ladder pipe system.
Ladder pipe itself
Fire hose
Hose straps
Siamese appliance
107
Detachable latter part of systems are typically limited to flows of less than___ gpm
750 gpm
108
A twisting action or an applied force resulting in a rotational twist.
Torsional stress
109
Hose appliance that has two or more female inlets in a single male outlet it is equipped with a hinged gate( clapper valve) that prevent water from being discharged to an open outlet.
Siamese appliance
110
Counterforce directed against a person holding a nozzle or a device holding a nozzle by the velocity of water being discharged.
Nozzle reaction
111
Elevating platform waterway systemsTypically have a greater load capacity than aerial ladders, the piping on these systems may be larger, and flows up to _____gpms are possible and some models
2000gpm
112
Water towers may be equipped with a number of options in Hanst their use under special conditions some water towers are equipped with ________and _______at the tip of the aerial device.
Video cameras
| Thermal imagers
113
In some water tower systems are equipped with a piercing nozzle that is capable of streams flowing _____ gpms
300gpm
114
NFPA _____standard now requires a two way communication system on all Ariel Apparatus
1901
115
NFPA ______ Does not require Aerial device to be equipped with breathing air systems.
1901
116
NFPA ______ Standard on breathing air quality for emergency services respiratory protection, establish his requirements for the quality of air and breathing air systems.
1989
117
NFPA _______Establishes the requirement to annually test breathing air system and the quality of stored air.
1911
118
The _______ is a step up transformer that converts the vehicles 12 or 24 V DC current into 110 or 212 V AC current. Advantages of theseAre efficiency and low or non-existing noise during operation. Disadvantages include small capacities and limited mobility for the vehicle.
Inverter
119
Device designed to protect against electrical shock, when grounding occurs, the device opens his circuit to shut off the floor electricity also known as a ground fault indicator receptacle
Ground fault circuit interrupter( GFCI)
120
the power distribution equipment on Ariel Apparatus electrical power cords should not exceed ___feet per reel or a cord
200ft
121
T or F:Junction boxes are commonly equipped with a small light on top to make them easier to locate and she provided visual assurance that they are energized. Junction boxes may contain receptacles configured for both 110 and 220 V operations. They should be marked for identification.
True
122
And hydraulic extra Quetion tool systems house distances _____feet or greater from the hydraulic pump we have a negative affect on to operation
100ft
123
T or F: NFPA 1911 sets of the guidelines for aerial apparatus testing. (Preservice and service testing)
True
124
Method of testing metal objects that does not subject them to stress related damage
Non-destructive testing
125
Nondestructive testing is conducted every ____ years, after accidents, And when the aerial device has been subjected to unusual stresses and loads, and following major repairs or overhauls.
5 years
