Chapter 16: Anatomy, Physiology, and Disorders of the Endocrine System

Question 1

Secreted when blood glucose levels rise

Answer 1

Insulin

Question 2

Stimulates milk production

Answer 2

prolactin

Question 3

released when blood glucose levels fall

Answer 3

Glucagon

Question 4

natural chemical substances

Answer 4

hormones

Question 5

which disease is caused by hyper secretion of growth hormone during adulthood

Answer 5

acromegaly

Question 6

which disease causes an enlargement of the thyroid

Answer 6

Goiter

Question 7

which of these is a condition of over activity of the thyroid gland

Answer 7

Hyperthyroidism

Question 8

Which of these is a congenital and chronic condition due to the lack of thyroid hormone?

Answer 8

cretinism

Question 9

which of these is characterized by hypofunction of the thyroid gland?

Answer 9

Myxedema

Question 10

Which of these is caused by a decreased production of thyroxine?

Answer 10

Hypothyroidism

Question 11

partial or total failure of adrenocortical function

Answer 11

addison’s disease

Question 12

acromegaly

Answer 12

gigantism

Question 13

deficiency of pituitary hormones

Answer 13

hypopituitarism

Question 14

deficiency of vasopressin

Answer 14

diabetes insipidus

Question 15

methimazole

Answer 15

tapazole

Question 16

levothyroxine sodium

Answer 16

levothroid

Question 17

insulin glargine

Answer 17

lantus

Question 18

insulin regular

Answer 18

humulin

Question 19

a hormone that can lower blood levels of calcium is

Answer 19

calcitonin

Question 20

The exocrine portion of the pancreas produces

Answer 20

enzymes

Question 21

Thyroid hormone contains the mineral

Answer 21

iodine

Question 22

Neuroblastoma is a cancer of the

Answer 22

adrenal medulla

Question 23

Treatment in early stages of simple goiter is

Answer 23

potassium iodide

Question 24

Cushing’s disease manifests itself due to an overproduction of

Answer 24

glucocorticoids

Question 25

the C cells of the thyroid gland produce

Answer 25

calcitonin

Question 26

a hormone that regulates the sodium ion concentration of the blood is

Answer 26

aldosterone

Question 27

inability of the pancreas to produce insulin results in

Answer 27

diabetes mellitus

Question 28

the pancreatic hormone that causes blood sugar levels to decrease is

Answer 28

insulin

Question 29

the alpha cells of the pancreas produce

Answer 29

glucagon

Question 30

hashimoto's disease is the leading cause of

Answer 30

non-simple goiter

Question 31

all of the following are risk factors for gestational diabetes, except

Answer 31

smoking during pregnancy

Question 32

Goiter may result from too much

Answer 32

TSH

Question 33

The "master gland" is a term that refers to the

Answer 33

pituitary gland

Question 34

Pheochromocytoma is a tumor of the adrenal medulla that causes hypersecretion of the catecholamines. All of the following are its signs and symptoms, except

Answer 34

constricted pupils

Question 35

The adrenal medulla produces

Answer 35

catecholamine

Question 36

oral hypoglycemic medications include all of the following, except

Answer 36

insulin

Question 37

Hyposecretion of cortisol can cause

Answer 37

addison's disease

Question 38

the hormone that is the antagonist of calcitonin is

Answer 38

parathyroid hormone

Question 39

Which of the following is not a symptom of type I diabetes mellitus

Answer 39

decreased appetite

Question 40

Excess secretion of growth hormone prior to puberty can cause

Answer 40

gigantism

Question 41

Exophthalmos is one of the distinguishing manifestations of

Answer 41

hyperthroidism

Question 42

the pituitary hormone that stimulates milk production by the mammary glands is

Answer 42

prolactin

Question 43

the hormone that plays an important role in the maintenance of body temperature is

Answer 43

thyroxine

Question 44

a buffalo hump is a manifestation of

Answer 44

cushing's syndrome

Question 45

the hypothalamus controls secretions of the anterior pituitary by way of

Answer 45

releasing and inhibiting hormones

Question 46

The pituitary hormone that promotes ovarian secretion of progesterone and testicular secretion of testosterone is

Answer 46

LH

Question 47

Myxedema is due to impairment of the

Answer 47

thyroid gland

Question 48

Dwarfism may be linked to

Answer 48

mental retardation

Question 49

Neural pathways of the hypothalamus manufacture

Answer 49

ADH

Question 50

Melatonin is produced by the

Answer 50

pineal gland

Question 51

the hormone that is important for maintenance of the immune system is

Answer 51

thymosin

Question 52

Diabetes insipidus is caused by decreased levels of which of the following hormones

Answer 52

ADH

Question 53

The pituitary hormone that stimulates cell growth is

Answer 53

somatotropin