Chapter 16 Antecedent Interventions Flashcards
(19 cards)
antecedent intervention/ control procedure/ manipulation and the types
antecedent stimuli are manipulated to evoke desirable behaviours so they can be differentially reinforced while preventing undesirable behaviours that interfere, 6 types:
presenting the discriminative stimulus or cues for the desired behaviour
changing some aspect of the physical or social environment
arranging right conditions for the behaviour to occur, ex. buying healthy food, making a grocery list of healthy food, going to the library to study, posting study schedule, arranging study sessions with friends
arranging establishing operations for the desirable behaviour
ex. buying a health cook book, posting your schedule of tests on a calendar, making a contract with someone
establishing operation
environmental event or biological condition that increases the value of a stimulus as a reinforcer
decreasing response effort for the desirable behaviour
arranging antecedent conditions that make it so less effort is needed to engage in the target behaviour, ex. keeping healthy instead of junk food in the house, bringing a healthy lunch to work, bringing your books in your backpack to increase studying, carpool lane
antecedent interventions that increase the likelihood of a behaviour
presenting sd/cues for the desired behaviour
arranging EOs for the desired behaviour
decreasing response effort of the desired behaviour
antecedent interventions that decrease the likelihood of competing undesirable behaviours
removing sd or cues for undesirable beahviours
arranging abolishing operations for the outcome of competing behaviours
increasing response effort of the undesirable behaviour
removing sd or cues for undesirable behaviours
removing antecedent stimuli that have stimulus control over undesirable behaviours, ex. removing junk food from your house, not keeping change in your pocket so you can’t use vending machines, going to the library to study, moving a disruptive kid in class to the front
arranging abolishing operations for undesirable behaviours
making the outcome of a behaviour less reinforcing by presenting an AO or eliminating an EO for the undesirable behaviour, ex. only grocery shopping on a full stomach to make buying junk food less reinforcing, going to bed on time to prevent napping during the day
Increasing response effort for undesirable behaviours
making it harder to engage in the undesirable beahviour, ex. going to the library to study to make it harder to engage in distracting tasks such as talking with your roomates and watching TV, not keeping junk food to increase the effort it would take to eat unhealthy food, having someone hide your cigarettes to make it harder to smoke
studies/examples of antecedent intervention
modifying a trashcan to have a stimulus prompt for people to put trash into it
increasing recreational activities/social interactions of seniors in a nursing home
increase seatbelt usage
enrich interactions between family members at restaurants
what things do antecedent interventions manipulate?
discriminative stimuli
response efforts
motivating operations, ex. making school tasks less aversive so escape from them is less reinforcing
high probability(high-p) instructional sequence
requests to comply with low-probability tasks are preceded with requests to comply with 3-4 high-p tasks
what is the high-p instructional sequence based on?
behavioural momentum theory: when a behaviour is reinforced in a particular context, that behaviour and similar behaviours are likely to persist in that context, creates a momentum of compliance
noncontingent reinforcement (NCR)
another type of antecedent intervention that decreases problem behaviours, reinforcer for the problem behaviour is independently given on a fixed schedule (ex once/minute) making it less reinforcing (an AO) and decreasing the likelihood of engaging in the problem behaviour to get the reinforcer. 2 forms: noncontingent escape and noncontingent attention
what is the form of NCR for behaviour maintained by escape from instructional situations?
noncontingent escape; providing frequent breaks (AO)
what is the form of NCR for behaviour maintained by attention?
noncontingent attention; providing frequent attention in intervals (AO)
what functions as an EO
choosing tasks/ reinforcers (doesn’t work for students who engage in problem behaviours for attention, important to know the function of a behaviour before antecedent intervention)
functional interventions address what?
the function and antecedents of a behaviour
