Chapter 16: Head & Neck (Dobson)

Question 1

What were inflammatory reactive lesions discussed & what is their distinguishing features

Answer 1

Apthous ulcers - Canker ssores

Traumatic fibroma - Buccal mucosa lesions from repetitive trauma

Pyogenic granuloma - pregnancy tumor

Peripheral ossifying fibroma - red, ulcerated and/or nodular typically in young teenage females

Question 2

What test is used to diagnose HSV oral infection

Answer 2

Tzank Test

Presence of intranuclear viral inclusions or multinucleate polykaryons on a smear

Question 3

What is the primary cause of SCC of the oropharynx

Answer 3

Infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV)

Question 4

What is the pathogenesis of HPV induced oropharyngeal SCC

Answer 4

1. Activity of viral genes E6 & E7 leading to inactivation of p53 and RB pathway
2. p16 overexpression (p16 is encoded by CDKN2A)

Question 5

What were the benign tumors of the salivary glands discussed

Answer 5

Pleomorphic Adenoma

Warthin tumor

Question 6

What is the pathogenesis of pleomorphic adenomas

Answer 6

Overexpression of PLAG1 or mutations of HMGA2 gene

Question 7

What malignant salivary gland tumors were discussed

Answer 7

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma

Adenoid cystic carcinoma

Question 8

What is the pathogenesis of more than half of mucoepidermoid cases

Answer 8

(11;19)(q21;p13) translocation = CRTC1-MAML2 fusion protein

Question 9

What gene rearrangement is present in a subset of adenoic cystic carcinomas

Answer 9

MYB-NFIB