Chapter 17

Question 1

defined as an irreversible loss of functioning in the entire
brain

Answer 1

total brain
death

Question 2

or other measures should indicate an absence of electrical activity
in the cortex of the brain

Answer 2

electroencephalogram (EEG)

Question 3

meaning “happy” or “good” death that usually refers to hastening the death of someone suffering from an incurable illness or
injury

Answer 3

euthanasia—a term

Question 4

not directly killing
someone, as in active euthanasia, but making available to a person who wishes to die the means by which she may do so

Answer 4

assisted suicide

Question 5

a type of advance directive in which people express their wishes after death, allows people to state that they do not want extraordinary medical procedures
applied to them if they become hopelessly ill

Answer 5

living will

Question 6

is a defense mechanism in which anxiety-provoking thoughts are kept out of conscious awareness

Answer 6

Denial

Question 7

what are Kubler Ross’s stages of death

Answer 7

1. denial
2. anger
3. bargaining
4. depression
5. acceptance

Question 8

Kübler-Ross emphasized a sixth response; _____ that runs throughout the stages

Answer 8

hope

Question 9

what are the four problems with Kübler-Ross’s
stages ((Kastenbaum, 2012; Walter & McCoyd, 2009)

Answer 9

1. Emotional responses to dying are not
   stagelike
2. the nature and course of an illness affects reactions to
   it
3. individuals differ widely in their responses
4. dying people focus on living, not just dying

Question 10

In the study done by Rinat Nissim and colleagues (2012) what did they find was the goal of the patients with advanced cancer

Answer 10

1. controlling dying – focusing on their chemo but also keeping in mind suicide if necessary
2. valuing life in the present
3. creating a living legacy

Question 11

is a state of loss

Answer 11

Bereavement

Question 12

is an emotional response to loss

Answer 12

grief

Question 13

is a culturally prescribed way of displaying reactions
to death

Answer 13

mourning

Question 14

grieving before death occurs for what is happening and for what lies ahead (Rando, 1986)

Answer 14

anticipatory grief

Question 15

Kubler ross and parkes/bowlby both made models about ____

Answer 15

death

Question 16

1. numbness
2. yearning (including anger and guilt
3. disorgnaization
4. reorganization

Answer 16

The Parkes/Bowlby Attachment
Model of Bereavement

Question 17

gripped by a sense of
unreality and disbelief and almost empty of feelings

Answer 17

Numbness.

Question 18

As the numbing sense of shock and disbelief diminishes, the bereaved person experiences more agony. This is
the time of acute separation anxiety and efforts to reunite with the lost loved one

Answer 18

Yearning

Question 19

As time passes, pangs of
intense grief and yearning become less frequent, although they still occur. As it sinks in that a reunion with the loved one is impossible, depression, despair, and apathy increasingly predominate.

Answer 19

Disorganization and despair.

Question 20

If they have lost a spouse, they begin to make the transition from being a wife or husband to being a widow or widower, revising their identities. They begin to feel readier for new activities and possibly for new relationships or attachments.

Answer 20

Reorganization

Question 21

Margaret Stroebe and Henk
Schut have put forth the ______ model of ______

Answer 21

1. dual-process
2. bereavement

Question 22

what type of coping: involves dealing with one’s emotions and reconciling oneself to the loss,

Answer 22

Loss-oriented coping

Question 23

in which the bereaved oscillate, often unpredictably, between coping with the emotional blow of the loss and coping with the practical challenges of living

Answer 23

dual-process model of bereavement

Question 24

(who) ______ observed that infants separated from their attachment figures first engage in vigorous protest—yearning and searching for the loved one and expressing outrage when they fail.

Answer 24

Bowlby (1980)

Question 24

what type of coping? is focused on managing daily living, rethinking one’s life, and mastering new roles and challenges that come in the wake of the loss.

Answer 24

restoration-oriented
coping

Question 25

(Western Children’s Concepts of Death and Questions Pertaining to Them)
It is the cessation of life and of all life processes, such as movement, sensation, and thought.

Answer 25

Finality/Cessation of
functions

Question 26

(Western Children’s Concepts of Death and Questions Pertaining to Them)
It cannot be undone.

Answer 26

Irreversibility

Question 27

(Western Children’s Concepts of Death and Questions Pertaining to Them) It is inevitable and happens to all living beings

Answer 27

Universality

Question 28

(Western Children’s Concepts of Death and Questions Pertaining to Them) It is the result of natural processes internal to the organism, even if external causes set off these internal changes.

Answer 28

Biological causality

Question 29

is a program that supports dying people and their families through a philosophy of “caring” rather than “curing” (Connor,
2000; Knee, 2010; Saunders, 2002)

Answer 29

hospice

Question 30

fill in the blank:
About ___ experienced significant grief reactions in the first year that then gradually diminished, while another ____ continued to experience significant grief reactions even 3 years
later

Answer 30

1. 30%
2. 10%

Question 31

to refer to grief that is unusually prolonged or intense and that impairs functioning.

Answer 31

complicated grief

Question 32

refers to positive psychological
change resulting from highly challenging experiences such as being diagnosed with a life-threatening illness or losing a loved
one (Tedeschi & Calhoun, 1995).

Answer 32

Posttraumatic growth

Question 33

They reminisce and share
memories of the deceased, derive comfort from the deceased’s
possessions, consult with the deceased and feel his or her presence, seek to make the deceased proud of them, and so on.

Answer 33

continuing bonds

Question 34

the view that to cope adaptively with death,
bereaved people must:
- confront their loss
- experience painful emotions and work through those emotions
- detach psychologically from the deceased

Answer 34

grief
work perspective

Question 34

(Bonanno
et al., 2005) states what about grief work?

Answer 34

too much grief work – ruminative coping– may backfire and prolong the psychological distress rather than relieve it

Question 35

Kenneth Doka (1989, 2016) calls ______grief not fully recognized or appreciated by other people and therefore may not receive much sympathy and
support

Answer 35

disenfranchised grief

Question 36

(who concluded) _______co-developer of the Parkes/Bowlby
attachment model of bereavement, concluded based on his extensive studies of widows and widowers younger than age 45 that bereaved adults progress through overlapping phases of numbness, yearning, disorganization and despair, and reorganization.

Answer 36

Colin Murray Parkes

Question 37

influences of coping with bereaverment attachment:
______ coope relatively well with death of loved one

Answer 37

secure

Question 38

influences of coping with bereaverment attachment:
_______ extreme of chronic grief and anxiety RUMINATION

a. seure
b. resistant
c. avoidant
d. disorganized/disoriented

Answer 38

resistant

Question 39

influences of coping with bereaverment attachment:
_______ difficulty expressing emotions or seeking comfort from others. seem to do little grieving. disengage with w person who died
a. seure
b. resistant
c. avoidant
d. disorganized/disoriented

Answer 39

avoidant

Question 40

influences of coping with bereaverment attachment: ____
unequipped to cope– turn inward: self harm and abise alcohol/ drugs
choices:
a. seure
b. resistant
c. avoidant
d. disorganized/disoriented

Answer 40

disorganized/ disoriented

Question 41

The estimate that human cells can double only 50 times, plus or minus 10, and then will die.

Answer 41

Hayflick limit

Question 42

A ceiling on the number of years that any member of a species lives; 120 years for humans.

Answer 42

maximum life span