Chapter 17 - Energy for biological processes Flashcards
What is the use of active transport within a cell body?
Essential for the uptake of nitrates, loading of sucrose, selective reabsorption in the kidneys and nerve impulse conduction
What is the use of anabolic reactions within a cell body?
Essential for the building of polymers (proteins, polysaccharides, nucleic acids) which are essential for growth and repair
What are the 3 metabolic activities within a cell body?
Active transport, anabolic reactions and movement due to muscle cells
Where does most energy come from to be able to fuel metabolic reactions?
Sun radiation
What is the equation for photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide + water -> glucose + oxygen
How is energy gained by a plant?
Light gets trapped within chlorophyll molecules
What is the equation for respiration?
Glucose + oxygen -> water + carbon dioxide
What use is made of the energy released from bonds during respiration?
Used for the synthesis of ATP
Describe the relationship between bonds and energy:
Bonds breaking uses energy, bond making creates energy
What is chemiosmosis?
The diffusion of from an area of high to low concentration through a partially permeable membrane, releasing energy driving an inorganic phosphate to ADP to create ATP
What is the use of the electron transport chain?
To pass electrons down a chain to progress them to a lower energy level and to release energy in order to pump protons across a membrane.
What are the two types of organism?
Autotrophic - organisms that can photosynthesis to produce their own molecules
Heterotrophic - organisms that obtain molecules by eating other organisms
What is present within a chloroplast?
Stroma (containing DNA), granum stacks (stack of thylakoids), intergranal lamella, outer and inner membranes
