chapter 17 treatment

Question 1

What is ECT?

Answer 1

Electroconvulsive therapy

A treatment that involves applying a brief electrical current to the head to induce seizures.

Question 2

What is the main purpose of dissociative disorders?

Answer 2

To avoid troubling thoughts, feelings, or memories.

Question 3

What are the criteria for DID?

Answer 3

• 2 or more distinct identities
• At least 2 identities take recurrent control of behavior
• Amnesia for important personal data
• Not due to substance abuse

Question 4

What is the etiology of DID?

Answer 4

Emotional crisis before age 6 and extreme physical or sexual abuse.

Question 5

What is the prevalence of diagnosed DID cases in North America?

Answer 5

About 7000 diagnosed cases.

Question 6

What are obsessions in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)?

Answer 6

Persistent thoughts, images, impulses.

Question 7

What are compulsions in OCD?

Answer 7

Repetitive behaviors or mental acts designed to reduce distress.

Question 8

What is the genetic link associated with OCD?

Answer 8

Link to Tourette’s syndrome.

Question 9

What is the typical treatment for OCD?

Answer 9

Psychoactive drugs, particularly SSRIs.

Question 10

What is the role of a psychologist?

Answer 10

Licensed professional with a Ph.D. or master’s degree.

Question 11

What is psychosurgery?

Answer 11

Brain surgery in the absence of obvious organic damage.

Question 12

What is the purpose of ECT?

Answer 12

To treat severe depression and other disorders by inducing seizures.

Question 13

What is the typical duration of ECT treatment?

Answer 13

3-12 sessions over several weeks.

Question 14

What is the primary action of antidepressant drugs?

Answer 14

Alter neurotransmitters such as serotonin and norepinephrine.

Question 15

What is the mechanism of action for tricyclic antidepressants?

Answer 15

Inhibits the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine.

Question 16

What is the significance of lithium carbonate?

Answer 16

Used for bipolar disorder to eliminate manic phases.

Question 17

What is the focus of classical psychoanalysis?

Answer 17

Uncover hidden conflicts and unconscious impulses.

Question 18

What is the goal of humanistic therapy?

Answer 18

Emphasize the uniqueness of human experience and self-fulfillment.

Question 19

What is Gestalt therapy?

Answer 19

Focuses on awareness and personal growth through present-moment responsibility.

Question 20

What is exposure therapy in behavior therapy?

Answer 20

Fear is extinguished by repeated presentation of the feared object.

Question 21

What is cognitive therapy concerned with?

Answer 21

Patterns of thoughts and how they influence behavior.

Question 22

What is the common theme across different therapies?

Answer 22

• Psychoanalytic → understanding
• Behavioral → doing
• Cognitive behavioral → thinking
• Humanistic → feeling

Question 23

True or False: OCD is more common in men than women.

Answer 23

False.

Question 24

Fill in the blank: The mean number of personalities in DID patients has increased from 3 to _______.

Answer 24

16.

Question 25

explain Becks cognitive therapy

Answer 25

point out errors of thinking and logic that underlie emotional disturbances and to help clients identify and reprogram thir over learned automatic thought patterns

Question 26

explain Ellis' rational emotive therapy (RET)

Answer 26

helps understand that its not the events themselves that upset us but our beliefs about those events

Question 27

systematic desensitization is a type of behavioural treatment, what is it?

Answer 27

learning based therapy for anxiety disorders, try to pair a less heightened response with triggering stimuli, use of a fear hierarchy

Question 28

what is aversion therapy

Answer 28

reduce or eliminate unwanted behaviours, associating them with unpleasant stimuli. creates a negative association and makes the behaviour less appealing

Question 29

what is behaviour modification

Answer 29

treatment techniques that involve the application of operant conditioning procedures in an attempt to increase/decrease a specific observable behaviour

Question 30

what is token economy

Answer 30

system for strengthening desired behaviours through the systematic application of positive reinforcement. long-term goal is to get the desired behaviours started with reinforcers until they eventually happen without

Question 31

what are the three types of third wave therapies?

Answer 31

mindfulness, acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT)

Question 32

what is mindfulness therapy

Answer 32

- awareness, focus, openness, acceptance of immediate experience

Question 33

what is ACT therapy

Answer 33

teaches clients to notice, accept and embrace feelings/change

Question 34

what is DBT therapy

Answer 34

psychodynamic + behavioural + cognitive+ humanistic. control self destruction

Question 35

how does benzodiazepines work

Answer 35

bind at a specific receptor site, increase sensitivity of GABA

Question 36

what do trycyclics do?

Answer 36

inhibit reuptake of 5-HT and NE

Question 37

what do MAO inhibitors do

Answer 37

inhibits MAO, leaved 5-HT and NE in synapse

Question 38

what are SSRI's

Answer 38

inhibit reuptake of serotonin

Question 39

what do antimania drugs have in them

Answer 39

lithium carbonate, used for bipolar

Question 40

what do antipsychotics do

Answer 40

reduce schizophrenia, block DA receptors

Question 41

what is a prefontal lobotomy and what are the side effects

Answer 41

seperate prefontal lobes from rest of the brain. docile, IQ drop, speech problems, death

Question 42

what is a clingulotomy

Answer 42

cut cingulum bundle (fibres that connect PFC to limbic) . effective for OCD. should be lat resort