Chapter 18 Flashcards
What is leadership?
an interpersonal influence directed towards the achievement of a goal or goals
What is management?
the effective use and co-ordination of business resources in order to achieve key objectives with maximum efficiency
What is a supervisor?
a person given responsibility for planning and controlling the work of a group of employees
What is authority?
the right to give orders and the power to exact obedience
What is responsibility?
The liability if a person to be called to account for his/her actions. Cannot be delegated by others
What is power?
The ability to do something
What are French and Raven’s 5 sources of power?
- Reward
- Coercive
- Referent
- Expert
- Legitimate
What is reward power?
when one person is able to reward another person for carrying out their duties or meeting other requirements
what is coercive power?
when one person has the ability to punish another person for failing to carry out their orders satisfactorily
What is referent power?
often occurs when one person identifies with, or wishes to imitate another
What is expert power?
when on person is regarded by others as having special expertise or knowledge that others dont
what is legitimate power?
derived from being in a position of authority within the organisation
What are other sources of power?
resource power - based on control over key resources
negative power - ability to use disruptive behaviour and attitudes to prevent things from happening
What is Fayol’s 5 functions of management?
- Plan
- Organise
- Command
- Co ordinate
- Control
What did Taylor believe the objective of management was?
to secure the maximum prosperity for both employer and employee
How would you accomplish Taylor’s scientific management method?
4 key principles
- science of work (best way to do a job)
- Scientific selection and development of workers
- all work has to be planned, measured and controlled
- equal division of work and responsibility between workers and management
What is some criticism with the classical models?
Most modern theorists would argue that a more progressive approach is needed where;
- it is recognised that there is not always a ‘best’ way of doing particular job
- managers realise that employees can have valuable insights into a job and can make important suggestions for improvements, and
- many workers are motivated by factors other than financial rewards
Who developed the human relations school?
Elton Mayo
What did Mayo argue?
- employee behaviour depends primarily on group relations and management to worker communication, rather than working practices or physical conditions
- wage levels were not the dominant motivating factor for most workers
- ultimately, worker attitudes, group relationships and leadership style were the key factors that determined productivity
Peter Drucker argued that all managers perform what 5 basic functions?
- Develop people
- Establish yardsticks (performance)
- Motivate and communicate
- organise
- set objectives
What were Mintzberg’s Interpersonal skills?
Figurehead
Leader
Liaison
What were Mintzberg’s Informational skills?
Monitor
Disseminator
Spokesperson
What were Mintzberg’s Decisional skills?
Entrepreneur
Disturbance handler
Resource allocator
Negotiator
What are the 3 main groups of leadership theories?
Trait theories, style theories and contingency theories
