chapter 18

Question 1

The Industrial Revolution began in what country?

Answer 1

Great Britain

Question 2

Short Answer: List the three factors that made industrialization possible.

Answer 2

lots of food
large and mobile force expansion of trade

Question 3

Essay: Describe the changes that took place for the worker from domestic system to factory system.

Answer 3

• were moved to urban areas
• didn’t have their own tools
• didn’t control their schedule
• had to work away from home

Question 4

Power used in the first and second industrial revolutions.

Answer 4

first water
then steam
then electricity
then oil/petroleum

Question 5

Short Answer: List the 4 new manufacturing methods:

Answer 5

Automation
interchangeable parts
division of labor
assembly lines

Question 6

Choose two bills to define (Factory Act 1883 and Mines Act of 1842).

Answer 6

The Factory Act limited child labor
The Mines Act banned women and young boys from the mines

Question 7

Whose efforts led to the end of the slave trade in Britian?

Answer 7

William Wilberforce

Question 8

Who wrote the On the Origin of Species?

Answer 8

Charles Darwin

Question 9

Essay: Define Utopian Socialism, Fabian Socialism, Christian Socialism.

Answer 9

Utopian Socialism- believed that proper surroundings and a good education would solve all problems

Fabian Socialism- believed that the best way to destroy capitalism was to gradually undermine it instead of overthrowing it

Christian Socialism- believed that Christianity and capitalism were incompatible and they wanted to establish peace and justice

Question 10

Founder of Marxism:

Answer 10

Karl Marx

Question 11

Book title that was written by Karl Marx:

Answer 11

Communist Manifesto

Question 12

Definition of Marxism:

Answer 12

believed that communism is the perfect society

Question 13

Who are the proletariat?

Answer 13

The workers/lower class

Question 14

Who are the bourgeoisie?

Answer 14

middle-class property owners
capitalists
industrialists
factory owners

Question 15

Essay: Choose three and explain their contribution (Robert Raikes, George Muller, and George Williams).

Answer 15

Robert Raikes wanted to teach the poor and illiterate children and created Sunday school so he could teach the children about Jesus, how to read, and how to write. Eventually, Sunday school became very popular and it was in many different churches.

George Muller created orphanages so that way children who were juvenile delinquents or orphans could have somewhere to stay.

George Williams created the YMCA so young men could be ministered and could learn about Jesus.

Question 16

Henry Ford

Answer 16

automobile

Question 17

John MacAdam

Answer 17

improved paved roads

Question 18

Wright Brothers

Answer 18

airplane

Question 19

Henry Bessemer

Answer 19

new way to make steel

Question 20

Jethro Tull

Answer 20

seed drill

Question 21

Richard Arkwright

Answer 21

spinning frama

Question 22

Thomas Edison

Answer 22

light bulb

Question 23

Henry Cort

Answer 23

made a way to purify iron

Question 24

Eli Whitney

Answer 24

cotton gin

Question 25

James Watt

Answer 25

steam engine

Question 26

Charles Townsend

Answer 26

new crop rotation

Question 27

Samuel Crompton

Answer 27

spinning mule

Question 28

John Kay

Answer 28

flying shuttle

Question 29

Robert Bakewell

Answer 29

improved animal health

Question 30

Robert Fulton

Answer 30

steamboat

Question 31

Essay: Social Impacts negative and positive.

Answer 31

Negative- crowded slums long work days dangerous working conditions Positive- better nourishment higher standard of living longer lifespan increased food supply