Chapter 18&19 A&P2

Question 1

When released in high amounts causes intense vasoconstriction

Answer 1

ADH

Question 2

Neurotransmitter which brings about parasympathetic nervous system effects on the heart

Answer 2

Acetylcholine

Question 3

Interconnections of vessels around organs or joints which allow alternate pathways of blood supply

Answer 3

Anastomoses

Question 4

The valve which closes when the left ventricle relaxes

Answer 4

Aortic semilunar

Question 5

Vessels which carry blood away from the heart

Answer 5

Arteries

Question 6

Site of greatest peripheral resistance

Answer 6

Arterioles

Question 7

Second structure of the intrinsic conduction system; located in the intertribal septum

Answer 7

Atrioventricular node

Question 8

Mechanoreceptors that detect changes in arterial pressure; located in carotid sinuses, aortic arch, large arteries of neck and thorax

Answer 8

Baroreceptors

Question 9

The valve which closes when the left ventricle contracts

Answer 9

Bicuspid

Question 10

Cardiac output multiplied by peripheral resistance

Answer 10

Blood pressure

Question 11

The place in the body where auto regulation of blood flow is triggered by an increase in carbon dioxide

Answer 11

Brain

Question 12

Increase in this mineral can lead to spastic heart contraction

Answer 12

Calcium

Question 13

Place where blood flow is the slowest

Answer 13

Capillaries

Question 14

Type of shock due to heart failure

Answer 14

Cardiogenic

Question 15

Connective tissue strings which connect AV valve flaps to muscles in ventricular walls

Answer 15

Chordae tendineae

Question 16

Collects blood draining from the myocardium

Answer 16

Coronary sinus

Question 17

Blood pressure reading associated with ventricular relaxation

Answer 17

Diastolic

Question 18

The aorta is an example of a/an _____ artery.

Answer 18

Elastic

Question 19

Lining of the inside surfaces of the heart

Answer 19

Endocardium

Question 20

Another name for the visceral pericardium

Answer 20

Epicardium

Question 21

Capillaries that have pores are said to be _____.

Answer 21

Fenestrated

Question 22

Shallow depression which marks the spot where an opening existed in the fetal heart

Answer 22

Fossa ovalis

Question 23

Force which dominates at arterial end of capillary bed to force fluid out of the circulation

Answer 23

Hydrostatic pressure

Question 24

Type of shock due to large-scale blood loss

Answer 24

Hypovolemic

Question 25

Returns blood from regions inferior to diaphragm

Answer 25

Inferior vena cava

Question 26

Organ which releases renin, which results in formation of angiotensin, a vasoconstrictor

Answer 26

Kidneys

Question 27

Chamber attached to pulmonary veins

Answer 27

Left atrium

Question 28

Chamber attached to aorta

Answer 28

Left ventricle

Question 29

The place in the body where low oxygen leads to vasoconstriction

Answer 29

Lungs

Question 30

_____ arteries deliver blood to specific body organs; most named arteries.

Answer 30

Muscular

Question 31

Layer of the heart where the cardiac muscle is located

Answer 31

Myocardium

Question 32

Neurotransmitter which brings about sympathetic nervous system effects on the heart

Answer 32

Norepinephrine

Question 33

Temporary low blood pressure and dizziness when rising suddenly from a reclining or sitting position

Answer 33

Orthostatic hypotension

Question 34

Force which dominates at venous end of capillary bed to draw fluid back into the circulation

Answer 34

Osmotic pressure

Question 35

Muscles which protrude from ventricular walls to anchor AV valves in the closed position

Answer 35

Papillary muscles

Question 36

Covering of the heart next to the body wall

Answer 36

Parietal pericardium

Question 37

Opposition to blood flow; measure of the amount of friction the blood encounters when passing through the vessels

Answer 37

Peripheral resistance

Question 38

In excess, this mineral interferes with depolarization and may lead to heart block and cardiac arrest

Answer 38

Potassium

Question 39

Cuff of smooth muscle which determines whether blood will enter the capillary bed

Answer 39

Precapillary sphincter

Question 40

The valve which closes when the right ventricle relaxes

Answer 40

Right atrium

Question 41

Chamber attached to pulmonary artery

Answer 41

Right ventricle

Question 42

High blood pressure due to identifiable disorders such as hyperthyroidism or Cushing's disease

Answer 42

Secondary hypertension

Question 43

Pacemaker of the heart; located in right atrium

Answer 43

Sinoatrial node

Question 44

Inhibits transport of calcium and thereby blocks heart contraction

Answer 44

Sodium

Question 45

Returns blood from regions superior to diaphragm

Answer 45

Superior vena cava

Question 46

Blood pressure reading associated with ventricular contraction

Answer 46

Systolic

Question 47

Causes a slow, sustained increase in heart rate when released in large quantities

Answer 47

Thyroxine

Question 48

The valve which closes when the right ventricle contracts

Answer 48

Tricuspid

Question 49

Part of blood vessel wall which is composed of collagen fibers to protect and anchor the vessel

Answer 49

Tunica externa

Question 50

Part of the blood vessel wall which contains the endothelium

Answer 50

Tunica media

Question 51

Structures present in veins that prevent blood form flowing backward

Answer 51

Valves

Question 52

Type of shock due to extreme vasodilation; can be caused by autonomic nervous system dysfunction and septicemia

Answer 52

Vascular

Question 53

Short vessel tat directly connects the arteriole and venue at opposite ends of capillary bed

Answer 53

Vascular shunt

Question 54

Vessels which carry blood to the heart

Answer 54

Veins

Question 55

The most important factor in altering peripheral resistance

Answer 55

Vessel diameter