Chapter 18

Question 0

Carbohydrate

Answer 0

Nutrient that usually is the body’s main source of energy.

Question 1

Amino acid

Answer 1

Building block of protein.

Question 2

Chemical digestion

Answer 2

Occurs when enzymes and other chemicals break down large food molecules into smaller ones.

Question 3

Chyme

Answer 3

Liquid product of digestion.

Question 4

Enzyme

Answer 4

A type of protein that regulates nearly all chemical reactions in the body without being changed or used up itself.

Question 5

Fat

Answer 5

Nutrient that stores energy, cushions organs, and helps the body absorb vitamins.

Question 6

Food group

Answer 6

Group of foods (such as bread, cereal, rice, and pasta) containing the same type of nutrients.

Question 7

Mechanical digestion

Answer 7

Breakdown of foods through chewing, mixing, and churning.

Question 8

Mineral

Answer 8

Inorganic nutrient that regulates many chemical reactions in the body.

Question 9

Nutrients

Answer 9

Substances in foods (proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water) that provide energy and materials for cell development, growth, and development.

Question 10

Peristalsis

Answer 10

Waves of muscular contractions that move food through the digestive tract.

Question 11

Protein

Answer 11

Large module that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur and is made up of amniotic acids; used by the body for growth and for replacement and repair of body cells.

Question 12

Villi

Answer 12

Fingerlike projections covering the wall of the small intestine that increase the surface area for food absorption.

Question 13

Vitamin

Answer 13

Water-soluble or fat-soluble organic nutrient needed in small quantities for growth, for preventing some diseases, and for regulating body functions.