Chapter 18

Question 1

System

Answer 1

If you’re at home cooking pasta, the pasta is the system

Question 2

Surrounding

Answer 2

Everything outside of the system; the ppl, house, city, state, etc.

Question 3

Universe

Answer 3

System + surrounding gives you the universe

Question 4

Kinetically I favored means that the rxn is __________

Answer 4

Slow

Question 5

Thermodynamically favored means the rxn is _________

Answer 5

Spontaneous

Question 6

3rd law of thermodynamics

Answer 6

The entropy of a perfect crystal at 0*K is 0

Question 7

Entropy

Answer 7

Measure of disorder

Question 8

If there is any motion there is ________

Answer 8

Disorder

Question 9

2nd law of thermodynamics

Answer 9

For any spontaneous process there is always an increase in the entropy of the universe

Question 10

The ____________for any element in its natural state of existence is _________

Answer 10

Standard enthalpy of formation;

0

Question 11

Delta S° uni > 0

Answer 11

Spontaneous

Question 12

Delta S° universe <0

Answer 12

Non spontaneous

Question 13

Delta G rxn < 0

Answer 13

Spontaneous

Question 14

Delta G rxn > 0

Answer 14

Non spontaneous

Question 15

At equilibrium

Answer 15

Q=K

Delta G rxn =0

Question 16

Delta S pos

Delta H neg

Answer 16

Spontaneous at all temps

Question 17

Delta S pos

Delta H pos

Answer 17

Spontaneous at high temps (where exothermicity is relatively unimportant)

Question 18

Delta S neg

Delta H neg

Answer 18

Spontaneous at low temps (where exothermicity is dominant)

Question 19

Delta S neg

Delta H pos

Answer 19

Process not spontaneous at any temp (reverse is spontaneous at all temps)