chapter 18 Flashcards
(19 cards)
define group
two or more people who interact with each other, are influenced by each other and who share a common purpose
three styles of leadership and define each
democratic - the leader negotiates with the group and takes their views into account when making decisions
authoritarian - leader makes all the decisions with no consultation/ negotiation and controls behaviour of all members of the group
laise fair - a ‘leader’ is present but takes no part in the groups dynamics or decision making. There is no real structure or authority.
define power
Power is the ability a person has to get someone to do something for someone else
six sources of power
reward coercive informative legitimate expert referent
reward power
ability to provide a desired response
coercive power
ability to provide an unpleasant consequence
informative power
having knowledge others desire
legitimate power
power is given by a higher aurthority and may be due to a role or position
expert power
power is due to skills and depth of knowledge
referent power
power from others desire to relate to the person
what is meta analysis
research that examines the results of other studies and combines all findings to develop a conclusion
seven moderator variables in bond and smiths meta analysis (factors which affect conformity)
Normal influence Culture Informational influence Group size Unanimity Social loafing Deindividuation
normal influence
refers to a persons tendency to go along with the group so that they will fit in and gain the approval of other group members
culture
individualist culture: when your focused on yourself to achieve your own goals
collectivist culture: about group goals rather than individual goals
e.g. in easter cultures its rude to point out others mistakes
informational influence
when we conform to others because we believe they have more knowledge about the situation/ accurate information
e.g. asking a friend which spice to use example
group size
groups tend to work most productively in groups of 3-4’s. work efficiency decreases in groups larger than this
unanimity
the agreement by all people involved. when everyone agrees the group works better and is harmonious (everyone goes along with ideas)
deindividuation
participants cannot be identified by other group members. participants are less likely to conform when they are deindividualised. e.g. prisoners were given numbers and were only known as their numbers, dehumanised. increases conformity
social loafing
the tendency of an individual to reduce their effort when working in a group compared with when they are alone
