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Chapter 18 Lecture > Chapter 18 and 19 > Flashcards

Chapter 18 and 19 Flashcards

(80 cards)

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0
Q

Articles that come in contact with the skin

A

Should be disinfected

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1
Q

Agents selected to kill microorganisms depend on

A

The intended use of the article

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2
Q

A process that removes organic material and reduces the number of microorganisms to a safe level

A

Sanitization

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3
Q

An agent used to destroy pathogenic microorganisms

A

Disinfectant

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4
Q

A hard thick walled capsule that some bacteria form by losing moisture and condensing their contents to contain only essential parts of the protoplasm of the cell

A

Spore

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5
Q

The process of destroying all forms on microbial life including spores

A

Sterilization

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6
Q

Free from all microorganisms and spores

A

Sterile

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7
Q

Any chemical that poses a threat to the health and safety of an individual that comes into contact with it

A

Hazardous Chemical

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8
Q

HCS

A

Hazard communication standards

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9
Q

Objective guideposts that provide information about a persons state of health

A

Vital signs

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10
Q

Temperature is regulated by the

A

Hypothalamus

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11
Q

Moisture evaporation

A

Perspiration

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12
Q

Moisture droplets from the lungs

A

Respiration

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13
Q

Heat transfer from one object to another

A

Conduction

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14
Q

Heat transfer in waves. Occurs continually

A

Radiation

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15
Q

Heat transfer through air currents

A

Convection

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16
Q

Normal temperature

A

97-99

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17
Q

Low grade fever

A

Between 99-100.4

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18
Q

Fever or pyrexia

A

Above 100.4

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19
Q

Hyper pyrexia

A

Above 105.8

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20
Q

Hypothermia

A

Below 97

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21
Q

Elevation often is the first sign of infection/illness

A

Children

Temperature

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22
Q

Elevation can be only 1-2 degrees above normal with sever infection

A

Elderly

Temperature

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23
Q

Four sites for temperature

A

Oral
Axillary
Rectal
Tympanic

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24
The vibrations from the aorta through the arterial walls | Used for a baseline and assessment of heart function
Pulse
25
10 pulse sites
- temporal - carotid - brachial - ulnar - apical - radial - femoral - popliteal - posterior tibial - dorsalis pedis
26
Number of pulsations occur in 1 minute varies with age, gender, activity, emotional state, metabolism, and meds
Pulse rate
27
Greater than 100bpm
Tachycardia
28
Less than. 60 bpm
Bradycardia
29
Strength of the heart beat
Pulse volume
30
Weak and difficult to palpate
Thready
31
Very strong and full
Bounding
32
Provides exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the atmosphere and the blood
Respirations
33
Two phases of Respirations
Inhalation | Exhalation
34
One complete respiration is
Inhalation and exhalation
35
Involuntary control is from the medulla oblongata | A co2 buildup will trigger Respirations to occur
Respirations
36
Two types of Respirations
Internal- the exchange of o2 and co2 between the cells and blood at cellular level External- the exchange of o2 and co2 between the alveolus and lungs
37
Respirations normal rate
12-20
38
Normal rate, rhythm is even and regular, depth is normal
Eupnea
39
Respiration rate greater than 20 pm
Tachypnea
40
Respiration rate slower than 12 pm
Bradypnea
41
Deep, rapid, labored Respirations
Hyperpnea
42
Decreased rate and depth
Hypopnea
43
Abnormally fast and deep breathing (anxiety)
Hyperventilation
44
Temporary absence of Respiration
Apnea
45
SOB. Shortness of breath or difficultly breathing
Dyspnea
46
Bluish discoloration of skin, lips, nail beds, mucous membranes
Cyanosis
47
State in which breathing is easier when sitting or standing
Orthopnea
48
Air moving through airways that contain fluid; intermittent vary in pitch
Crackles/rales
49
Thick secretions, rumors, or spasms that partially obstruct flow through upper airways Deep low pitch rumbling freq. on expiration
Rhonchi
50
Severely narrowed airways;whistling and musical during inspiration/expiration
Wheezes
51
The force exerted by the blood pulsing through the arterial walls
Blood pressure
52
Phase in the cardiac cycle that occurs during ventricular contraction as the blood is pushed from the heart to the aorta. Is the highest point of blood pressure in the body. Numerator
Systole
53
Phase in the cardiac cycle when the heart is relaxed between contractions. Lower number because the heart is relaxed Recorded as denominator.
Diastole
54
Blood pressure is measured in
Mm. Hg Millimeters of mercury
55
Several readings at different occasions
Baseline
56
Less than____________ considered normal for blood pressure
120/80
57
____________ begins with lower readings
Cardiac disease
58
Most common cause of an abnormal reading. | Results from excessive pressure on arterial wall
Hypertension
59
Reduced pressure on arterial walls | Reading of __________ is the determining factor
Hypotension 96/60
60
Difference between SBP and DBP ______ within normal range Low May be ________ or _________ High May be a sign of ___________
Pulse pressure 30-50 CHF or shock Atherosclerosis
61
Factors that affect blood pressure
``` Age Gender Diurnal variations Emotions Exercise ```
62
Dial gauge, needle points to the numbers, calibrated yearly
Aneroid
63
Read at top of meniscus
Mercury
64
Used to measure oxygen saturation of hemoglobin (hgb) in arterial blood
Pulse oximetry
65
Complete compound found in red blood cells | Transport oxygen
Hemoglobin
66
Bright red hemoglobin =
High oxygen content | Oxygen rich
67
Dark red hemoglobin
Low in oxygen | Oxygen poor
68
Sp02
Saturation of peripheral oxygen
69
Sao2
Saturation of arterial oxygen
70
Represents percentage of hgb saturated with oxygen
Pulse oximetry reading
71
Oxygen saturation of healthy individuals is
95-99%
72
Air is only ________ saturated with oxygen
21%
73
Oxygen saturation below 95%
COPD
74
Oxygen saturation below 85-90%
Respiratory failure resulting in tissue damage
75
Oxygen below 75%
Cyanosis
76
Oxygen saturation below 70%
Life threatening
77
Decrease in the oxygen saturation of the blood
HypoxemiA
78
A reduction in the oxygen supply to tissues
Hypoxia
79
Where can you put the pulse ox probes?
Fingertip Ear Toe

Chapter 18 Lecture (1 decks)

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